制冷装置柔性接触式密封机构性能提升的关键技术研究进展

Advancements in Key Technologies for Enhancing Performance of Flexible Contact Seals in Refrigeration Equipment

柔性接触式密封机构在制冷装置中起到重要的隔热隔湿作用。针对装配状态下刚-柔多体接触对其性能提升带来的技术挑战,从柔性接触式密封机构技术特点和总体发展出发,综述了影响其性能提升的测量、建模等关键性问题的研究现状,并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。结果表明:基于反向热平衡的热传递测量技术精度不足,引入滤波算法可降低热流信号噪声波动;现有示踪气体技术未考虑湿空气在刚柔接触界面中的流动扩散,应运用界面微观检测及接触动力学理论来明确流动型式,构建匹配的示踪源和检测回路;对柔性接触式密封机构热流固耦合建模研究尚处于空白,仅建立了传热数值模型与流动平均解析方程,可采用数值计算温度、变形场与解析计算渗流参数的迭代算法来建立耦合模型。未来,除开展测量与建模的基础研究外,还需突破“尺寸效应”技术瓶颈,实现密封组件间的良好配合,应用超低导热材料和电磁感应技术,以提升密封机构的隔热隔湿作用。

Flexible contact seals are vital components in refrigeration equipment,as they contribute to effective thermal and moisture insulation.Improving the performance of these seals faces technical challenges arising from the assembly state’s combination of rigid and flexible multi-contact elements.To enhance their performance,a comprehensive understanding of the technical characteristics and overall development of flexible contact seals is crucial.Therefore,this research summarizes the current state of research on key issues affecting their performance improvement,including measurement and modeling techniques.The future development of seal performance improvement is anticipated.According to the research findings,the heat transfer measurement technology based on reverse heat loss lacks accuracy.However,by incorporating filtering algorithms,the noise fluctuation in heat flux signals can be effectively reduced.The current tracer gas technology fails to consider the flow and diffusion of moist air within the rigid and flexible contact interface.To address this limitation,it is suggested to employ interface microscopic detection and contact dynamics theory,to elucidate the flow pattern.Additionally,constructing a tracer source and detection circuit that are appropriately matched is recommended.Currently,the research on thermal-fluid-solid coupling modeling of flexible contact seals is lacking,leaving a significant knowledge gap.Only a heat transfer numerical model and flow average analytical equation have been developed so far.To address this gap,a coupling model can be established using iterative algorithms for numerical calculations of the temperature and deformation field,along with analytical calculation of seepage parameters.In addition to conducting fundamental research on measurement and modeling,it is crucial to overcome the bottleneck of size effect,achieve good coordination between sealing components,and apply ultra-low thermal conductivity materials and electromagnetic induction technology to improve the thermal and moisture insulation performance of seals.