基于DEMATEL-ISM模型的地铁火灾疏散影响因素研究

Research on influencing factors of fire evacuation in subway station based on DEMATEL-ISM model

为减少地铁火灾事故对人员及财产安全的威胁,提升地铁火灾疏散安全性,对地铁火灾疏散影响因素进行系统性研究。在构建地铁火灾疏散影响因素指标体系的基础上,将决策实验室分析法(DEMATEL)与解释结构模型(ISM)联合,用于研究各因素对地铁火灾疏散系统的重要程度,并对各因素间的逻辑结构进行梳理分析。结果表明,恐慌心理和火灾产物分别为影响地铁火灾疏散系统安全性的关键性直接因素和根本因素,24个地铁火灾疏散影响因素可划分为3层5阶的递阶结构。此研究有助于科学认识地铁火灾疏散系统,对提高实际疏散安全性具有参考价值。

In order to reduce the threat of subway fire accidents to personnel and property safety and improve the safety of subway fire evacuation,the influencing factors of subway fire evacuation are systematically studied.On the basis of constructing the index system of influencing factors of subway fire evacuation,DEMATEL and ISM are combined to study the importance of each factor to the subway fire evacuation system and sort out and analyze the logical struc-ture of each factor.The results show that panic psychology and fire products are the key direct and fundamental factors affecting the safety of subway fire evacuation system respectively,and 24 subway fire evacuation influencing factors can be divided into a hierarchical structure of three layers and five levels.This study is helpful to the scientific under-standing of subway fire evacuation system and has reference value for improving the actual evacuation safety.