高能电子束辐照对黄精微生物及品质的影响

Effects of high-energy electron beam irradiation on microbial load and quality of Polygonati rhizoma

为探究高能电子束辐照对黄精的影响,以未辐照样品为对照,研究不同剂量(2、4、6、8、10 kGy)电子束辐照对黄精微生物含量、水分、总灰分、浸出物及色泽、挥发性物质的影响。结果表明,经2 kGy剂量辐照,黄精中微生物总数降低至《中国药典》要求限度;随着剂量增加,辐照杀菌效果更好。辐照对黄精水分和总灰分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。辐照剂量≥4 kGy时,黄精浸出物含量、色度黄蓝值(b^(*)值)和饱和度显著增加(P<0.05),但不影响总色泽。辐照对黄精主要挥发性成分无明显影响,但在一定剂量下,会加速芳香成分、氮氧化合物、甲烷物质及醇类、醛酮类化合物挥发;主成分分析及线性判别分析表明,2 kGy剂量辐照对黄精挥发性影响最小。综合分析,2 kGy剂量高能电子束辐照能有效杀灭黄精中的微生物,且对其水分、总灰分、浸出物、色泽及挥发性成分无显著影响。

To investigate the effects of high-energy electron beam irradiation on Polygonati rhizoma,the influence of irradiation at different doses(2,4,6,8,10 kGy)on the microbial load,moisture,total ash,extracts,color,and volatile components of P.rhizoma were evaluated,with unirradiated samples as the control.The results showed that irradiation by electron beam at 2 kGy reduced the microbial load lower than the limit value by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.With the increase of irradiation dose,the sterilization effect was improved,while irradiation had no significant effect on the moisture and total ash content(P>0.05).When the irradiation dose was or greater than 4 kGy,the extract content increased significantly(P<0.05),so did the b^(*)value and chroma saturation,but not the color.Irradiation did not exert significant effects on the main volatile components of P.rhizoma,but in a certain dose range it accelerated the volatilization of aromatic components,nitrogen oxides,methane,alcohols,aldehydes,and ketones.Principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis showed that irradiation of 2 kGy had the least effect on the volatility of P.rhizoma.In conclusion,the irradiation of 2 kGy by high-energy electron beam can effectively reduce microbial load but no significant influence on the moisture,total ash,extract,color,and volatility of P.rhizoma.