废弃矿山环境修复工作系统探讨

Discussion on environmental restoration work system of abandoned mines

废弃矿山环境修复是还自然环境“历史旧账”的过程,是环境保护的一项至关重要的工作,该工作涉及领域广泛、投入资金量大、修复时间长、工作任务艰巨。为了优化废弃矿山环境修复工作方式,确保该项工作能够有序高效进行,首先,总结以往废弃矿山环境修复模式在构建过程中的不足之处,包括模式选定流程的缺乏和模式相对应技术的不明确;其次,建立一套能够快速且准确构建的修复模式,并且根据修复模式准确锁定修复技术的工作系统,该工作系统是以矿山的实际环境情况和矿山环境修复基本原则为基础、以修复目标为导向、以修复模式为框架、以修复技术为手段的优化组合;最后,以甘肃省定西市岷县某金矿历史遗留矿山的环境修复工程为实例,分析该工作系统对于废弃矿山环境修复工作的效果。废弃矿山环境修复工作系统的合理性与科学性对建成“绿水青山”的生态环境目标和“可持续发展”的经济建设目标有着深远的影响。

The environmental restoration of abandoned mines is a process of returning the“old historical accounts”of the natural environment,and it is a crucial work in environmental protection.The work involves a wide range of fields,a large amount of investment and a long restoration time,so it can be seen that the environmental restoration of abandoned mines is a difficult task.In order to optimize the working mode of environmental restoration in abandoned mines and ensure that the work can be carried out in an orderly and efficient manner,firstly,the shortcomings of the previous environmental restoration mode in the construction of abandoned mines are summarized,including the lack of mode selection process and the ambiguity of the corresponding technology.Secondly,a set of working system that can quickly and accurately construct the restoration mode and accurately lock the restoration technology according to the restoration mode is established.The working system is based on the actual environmental conditions of the mine and the basic principles of the mine environmental restoration,guided by the restoration goal,the restoration mode as the framework and the restoration technology as the means.Finally,the environmental restoration project of a gold mine in Minxian County,Dingxi City,Gansu Province is taken as an example to analyze the effect of the system on the environmental restoration work of abandoned mines.The rationality and scientificness of the environmental restoration work system of abandoned mines have a profound impact on the ecological environment goal of“green water and green mountains”and the economic construction goal of“sustainable development”.