秦国东周青铜器矿料来源研究

Study on Circulation of Metal Resource of Qin State Bronzes

甘肃东部及关中地区是秦文化遗址分布的密集区,这一地区发现的秦国青铜器对于研究其风格、冶铸技术、矿料来源等问题具有重要的价值。对已发表的礼县、凤翔、陇县、陈仓、秦陵等地秦国青铜器铅同位素数据进行整理分析。结果表明:春秋时期,秦国青铜器矿料特征相近,主要来自大冶铜绿山、皖南沿江及小秦岭一带。春秋早、中、晚期表现出明显的交替,这一变化与中原及汉淮地区趋于同步。战国晚期秦陵出土青铜器的矿源不同于秦国其它遗址,这一时期矿料来源地与小秦岭一带关系密切。研究结论揭示了东周时期秦国与南方地区的楚国、曾国在青铜资源流通方面的交流互动。

Qin cultural sites mainly locate in the eastern Gansu and Guanzhong regions,and the Qin State bronzes found in these areas are of great value for the study on artifact styles,manufacturing techniques and raw material sources.The published lead isotope data of Qin State bronzes from Lixian county,Longxian county,Fengxiang county,Chencang district and the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor were collected and analyzed.The results show that during the Spring and Autumn seriod,the raw materials of Qin State bronzes have similar mineral characteristics,and mainly derive from the area around Tonglu Mountain in Daye,the southern Anhui and Xiaoqinling Mountain.The minerals used by Qin people in the early,middle,and late Spring and Autumn period show an obvious diachronic changes,and this change tends to be synchronized with that of the Central Plains and the Han-Huai region.In the late Warring States period,the ore source of bronze from the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor is different from that of bronzes from other Qin sites,and the provenance of the raw mineral has a close relationship with the Xiaoqinling Mountain.The conclusion reveals the exchange and interaction in bronze resources between Qin State and Chu State,Zeng State during the Eastern Zhou period.