气泡-颗粒间相互作用行为在矿物浮选中的应用研究进展

Research Progress on the Application of Bubble-Particle Interaction in Mineral Flotation

气泡-颗粒间相互作用行为是浮选过程中的重要环节,气泡-颗粒相互作用受到多种因素影响,例如气泡尺寸、接近速度、表面活性剂类型、矿物润湿性、润湿膜的稳定性和诱导时间等。本文综述了浮选中气泡-颗粒间三种典型的相互作用力及现代测量技术与应用,介绍了几种传统的和新型的测力技术及作用行为可视化手段,及其在矿物浮选中的应用。气泡与颗粒间的相互作用力主要包括范德华力、静电力和疏水力,这些力决定着矿物颗粒能否顺利黏附于气泡表面。亲水颗粒与气泡相互作用由经典的DLVO理论描述,疏水颗粒与气泡相互作用由扩展的DLVO理论解释。原子力显微镜(AFM)、表面力仪(SFA)和诱导时间仪已被广泛用于测量相互作用力的大小及诱导时间,为气泡与颗粒的黏附提供重要数据信息。集成薄膜排水装置(ITFDA)可看作诱导时间仪与AFM的结合体,动态相互作用力仪(DIFA)由诱导时间仪与改进的表面力仪组合形成。如今,集成薄膜力仪(ITLFFA)能在液体中测量气泡和颗粒之间的动态相互作用力、变形及时空薄膜厚度,实现在较高接近速度下模拟动态排水过程,这种表征更符合实际的浮选过程。气泡-颗粒的相互作用行为的研究从过去的静态已逐渐转变为更符合实际的动态研究,在复杂液体环境中测试气泡与颗粒相互作用是未来发展的必然趋势,这为矿物浮选提供理论支撑。

The interaction behavior between bubbles and particles is a crucial aspect of the flotation process,which can be influenced by various factors including bubble size,approach velocity,surfactant type,mineral wettability,stability of the wetting film,and induction time.A review on three typical forces involved in bubble-particle interactions during flotation as well as modern measurement techniques and applications has been provided.Additionally,several traditional and novel force measurement techniques and visualization methods are introduced to study the interaction behavior along with their applications in mineral flotation.The interaction forces between bubbles and particles include van der Waals force,electrostatic force,and hydrophobic force,which determine whether mineral particles can adhere smoothly to the surface of bubbles.Hydrophilic particles interacting with bubbles are described by the classical DLVO theory and hydrophobic particles interacting with bubbles are explained by the extended DLVO theory.Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM),Surface Force Apparatus(SFA),and Induction Time Apparatus have been widely employed for measuring the magnitude of interaction forces as well as induction time;these measurements provide essential data for understanding bubble-particle adhesion phenomena.Integrated Thin Film Drainage Apparatus(ITFDA)combines an Induction Time Apparatus with AFM capabilities whereas Dynamic Interaction Force Apparatus(DIFA)integrates an Induction Time Apparatus with a modified SFA.Nowadays,Integrated Thin Liquid Film Force Apparatus(ITLFFA)enables dynamic measurement of interaction forces between bubbles and particles along with deformation analysis and film thickness determination within liquid media,this apparatus allows simulation of dynamic drainage processes at higher approach velocities that more closely resemble actual flotation conditions.The study of bubble-particle interaction has gradually shifted from static research in the past to dynamic studies in complex liquid environments,reflecting an inevitable trend for future development and providing theoretical support for mineral flotation.