辛夷的法象药理及其临床意义

Pharmacological Method State and Clinical Significance of Xinyi(Magnoliae Flos)

“药象”是中药在自然生长和形成过程中产生的固有性质,也是形成药性药效的基础。辛夷独特的药象特征一直是古人细致观察与重点关注的内容。辛夷“必至四序并经,乃刳苞以出”的物候之象,可谓花木之独一份,也奠定了其独特的药性特点;辛夷形若毛桃,苞片坚韧而密被绒毛的药材之象,也是探讨其“以形治形”论治痼积癌肿的法象特征。经典本草古籍中辛夷广泛用于治疗风邪郁滞、经脉不通等诸多病证的作用机制皆与其药象特点密切相关。虽然后世受“舍鼻塞、鼻渊之症,无他用”之论所囿,但从其“法象药理”而言,辛夷不仅可轻宣升散,又善于内入脏腑以宣达阴伏之邪,深入巢窟以驱逐结聚之滞,可广泛应用于气血郁滞、沉寒痼冷、瘀毒结聚等病证。而这些功效主治的拓展,正是辛夷“象性合参”的意义所在。

The“medicinal state”is the inherent property of Chinese medicinals that arises during their natural growth and formation,and is also the basis for the formation of medicinal properties and efficacy.The unique medicinal characteristics of Xinyi(Magnoliae Flos)have always been the subject of careful observation and attention of the ancients.The phenological phenomenon of Xinyi,which is characterized by“it takes four seasons to produce blossom”,can be described as the unique feature of flowers and trees,and has also established its unique medicinal characteristics.Xinyi is shaped like the peach with tough bracts densely covered with fluff,which is also a method characteristic of“treating chronic cancer with image”.In classic and ancient materia medica,Xinyi is widely used to treat many syn-dromes such as stagnation of wind pathogen and obstruction of meridians,and its mechanism is closely related to its medicinal state characteristics.The later generations are limited to the theory of“merely treating nasal obstruction and nasosinusitis”.But in terms of“pharmacological method state”,Xinyi can not only dissipate,but also excel at entering zang-fu organs to dissipate latent yin pathogen and expel stagnation,which can be widely used in syndromes of qi stagnation and blood stasis,obstinate cold,stasis toxin and accumulation,etc.The significance of Xinyi’s“comprehensive analysis of image and property”is to expand the efficacy and indication of Xinyi.