生态用地动态演变与热环境的空间自相关分析——以山西中部城市群为例

Spatial autocorrelation analysis of ecological land dynamic evolution and thermal environment:A case study of Shanxi central urban agglomeration

为探讨城市群尺度下生态用地与热环境的空间相关性,以2010~2022年间Landsat遥感影像为数据源,在分析山西中部城市群生态用地及热环境的动态演变的基础上,从热贡献度、用地均衡度和空间分布及动态演变等方面对二者进行空间自相关性分析.结果表明:(1)城市群生态用地中基础性生态用地与辅助性生态用地相互转化频繁;(2)2010~2022年间研究区热环境变化复杂:高温区面积增加最多,达11.63%,次高温区面积占比减少5.75%,升温区域占19.40%,降温区域占24.16%;(3)城市群生态用地与热环境有着密切的空间自相关关系:基于热贡献指数的各类用地对热环境贡献排序为:辅助性生态用地(0.95)>非生态用地(0.33)>基础性生态用地(-1.29),基础性生态用地起显著降温效应;生态用地均衡度与地表温度呈负相关性,其中2010年最为显著,莫兰指数(Moran'sI)为-0.264且具有显著的空间聚集性;在空间分布上,生态用地类型与温度分区具有较强的空间相关性;重心迁移轨迹表明二者在动态变化过程上具有一致性.本文在城市群尺度视角下探讨生态用地演变与热环境的空间自相关性,为城市群生态用地的热消减理论研究进行了补充,在实践上为城市群热环境的改善提供科学依据.

To examine the spatial correlation between ecological land and thermal environment on an urban agglomeration scale,Landsat remote sensing images from 2010 to 2022 were used as data sources.Based on an analysis of the dynamic evolution of ecological land and thermal environment in the Shanxi central urban agglomeration,a spatial auto-correlation analysis was conducted on various aspects,including thermal contribution,land equilibrium,spatial distribution,and dynamic evolution.The results indicate the following:(1)In urban agglomeration ecological land,basic ecological land and auxiliary ecological land conversion occurred frequently.(2)From 2010 to 2022,the thermal environment in the study area exhibited complex changes.The high-temperature zone increased by up to 11.63%,while the sub-high temperature area decreased by 5.75%.Regions experienced temperature rise accounted for 19.40%of the total area,while areas with temperature decrease accounted for 24.16%.(3)There was a close spatial auto-correlation between ecological land and the thermal environment in the urban agglomeration.Based on the thermal contribution index,the thermal contribution ranking of ecological land types was:auxiliary ecological land(0.95)>non-ecological land(0.33)>fundamental ecological land(-1.29),which shows that basic ecological land has a significant cooling effect.There was a negative correlation between ecological land balance and surface temperature,among which the most significant was in 2010,with a Moran's I of-0.264 and significant spatial aggregation.In terms of spatial distribution,ecological land types and temperature zoning had a strong spatial correlation;the gravity center migration trajectory shows that the two were consistent in the dynamic change process.This study explores the spatial autocorrelation of ecological land evolution and thermal environment from the perspective of urban agglomerations,providing additional insights into the theory of thermal reduction for ecological land in urban agglomerations.It also offers a scientific basis for improving the thermal environment in urban agglomerations.