数字普惠金融服务小微企业融资研究--以全国首个小微企业数字征信实验区为例

Research on Digital Inclusive Finance Serving Small and Micro-enterprises'F inancing--An Example of the First Digital Credit Reporting Pilot Zone for Small and Micro-enterprises in China

数字普惠金融将数字技术与普惠金融深度融合,为纾解小微企业融资困境提供了可行的新路。根据对全国首个小微企业数字征信实验区的案例剖析和区内588家小微企业的问卷调查结果,小微企业融资行为符合普惠金融“短、小、频、急”的典型特征,融资方式以信用贷款为主,资金用途多样,但是信息和信用不对称制约其融资可得性。实验区以服务小微企业为中心,构建综合金融服务体系、全国首个区块链数字征信平台、金融科技创新监管试点“三位一体”的运行模式,充分发挥了数字普惠金融的赋能效应。但是,要复制、推广实验区的建设经验,仍面临一些制约因素,因此要完善相关法律法规,稳步扩大金融科技创新监管试点,深化数字技术和数据要素融合应用,探索构建全国互联互通的数字征信平台和数字普惠金融“元宇宙”,以期在更大范围更好地服务小微企业融资和实体经济高质量发展。

Through the deep integration of digital technology and inclusive finance,digital inclusive finance provides a feasible new way to alleviate the financing difficulties of small and micro-enterprises.According to case study of the first digital credit reporting pilot zone and the questionnaire survey results of 588 small and mi-cro-enterprises in it,the financing behaviour of small and micro-enterprises is"short,small,frequent and ur-gent",which is in line with the typical characteristics of inclusive finance.Credit is the main method for small and micro-enterprises with different uses of financing funds.However,the asymmetry of information and credit severe-ly limits the availability of financing for small and micro-enterprises.Focusing on serving small and micro-enter-prises,the experimental zone has constructed a"trinity"of operation modes,including a comprehensive financial service system,the country's first blockchain digital credit platform,and a pilot of FinTech innovation and supervi-sion,thus giving full play to the empowering effect of digital inclusive finance.However,there are still some con-straints in replicating and promoting the construction experience of the experimental zone,so it is necessary to im-prove the relevant laws and regulations,steadily expand the regulatory pilot of FinTech innovation,deepen the fu-sion and application of digital technology and data elements,and explore the construction of a nationally intercon-nected digital credit reporting platform and a digital financial inclusion metaverse with a view to providing better services to small and micro-enterprise financing and the high-quality development of the real economy on a wider scale.