清醒时不同时间血压水平预测夜间高血压的价值

Value of Measuring Awake Blood Pressure at Different Time on Predicting Nocturnal Hypertension in Patients With Hypertension

目的:比较清醒时不同时间血压水平预测夜间高血压的价值。方法:连续入选2023年4月至7月就诊于福建医科大学附属第一医院门诊的204例高血压患者,所有患者均接受规范的诊室血压和诊室外血压测量。诊室外血压测量使用动态血压监测装置及血压日志记录,具体包括傍晚血压、睡前血压、清晨血压及清晨平均血压。夜间高血压定义为夜间平均血压≥120/70 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)。采用ROC曲线分析不同时间血压水平预测夜间高血压的价值,并采用联合序列试验评价两个指标联合预测夜间高血压的价值。采用Logistic回归分析评估夜间高血压的预测因素。结果:204例高血压患者中,104例(51.0%)有夜间高血压。夜间平均收缩压与睡前收缩压最接近(P=0.641)。睡前收缩压≥120 mmHg的患者中有75.7%(84/111)存在夜间高血压,睡前收缩压≥135 mmHg患者中有94.2%(49/52)存在夜间高血压;清晨平均收缩压≥135 mmHg患者中有88.2%(75/85)存在夜间高血压。ROC曲线分析表明,清晨平均收缩压(AUC:0.903,P<0.05)预测夜间高血压的价值明显优于诊室收缩压、傍晚收缩压、睡前收缩压、清晨收缩压。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,睡前收缩压125~134 mmHg(OR=2.95,95%CI:1.02~8.49,P=0.045)、睡前收缩压≥135 mmHg(OR=17.55,95%CI:3.61~85.38,P<0.001)、清晨平均收缩压125~134 mmHg(OR=6.08,95%CI:1.73~21.41,P=0.005)、清晨平均收缩压≥135 mmHg(OR=25.41,95%CI:6.02~107.32,P<0.001)对夜间高血压有预测价值。ROC曲线分析显示,睡前收缩压和清晨平均收缩压联合预测夜间高血压价值更高(AUC:0.929,P<0.05)。进一步行联合序列试验表明,当睡前收缩压≥130 mmHg且清晨平均收缩压≥135 mmHg灵敏度最高,患者中有98.0%(49/50)存在夜间高血压。结论:清晨血压和睡前血压是预测夜间高血压的两个有效指标,联合这两个指标预测价值更高,可为夜间高血压的识别诊断提供临床指导。

Objectives:The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the predictive value of measuring awake blood pressure(BP)at different time points on nocturnal hypertension by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM)device in patients with hypertension.Methods:A total of 204 consecutive hypertensive outpatients seeking medical care at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from April 2023 to July 2023 were enrolled.We measured office BP and out-office BP.Out-office BP include evening BP,bedtime BP,morning BP and mean morning BP which were measured by ABPM device and BP daily record.Nocturnal hypertension was defined by the mean nocturnal systolic blood pressure≥120 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa).ROC curve analyses of different awake blood pressure was established to identify significant correlates to nocturnal hypertension.The serial test was also performed.The value of the two indexes in predicting nocturnal hypertension was compared.The predictors of nocturnal hypertension were evaluated by multivariate analysis.Results:Of the 204 subjects,104(51.0%)had nocturnal hypertension.The repeated measures analysis of variance(ANOVA)showed that mean nighttime systolic BP and bedtime systolic BP were similar(P=0.641).Nocturnal hypertension was present in 75.7%(84/111)of patients with bedtime systolic BP≥120 mmHg,in 94.2%(49/52)of patients with bedtime systolic BP≥135 mmHg and in 88.2%(75/85)of patients with mean morning systolic BP≥135 mmHg.ROC curve analyses showed that the diagnostic accuracy of mean morning systolic BP(AUC 0.903,P<0.05)for subjects with nocturnal hypertension was significantly superior to that of office systolic BP,evening systolic BP,bedtime systolic BP,morning systolic BP.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that mean morning systolic BP and bedtime systolic BP were significantly associated with a higher risk of nocturnal hypertension(P<0.05).ROC curve analyses of predicted probability of bedtime systolic BP and mean morning systolic BP showed higher diagnostic accuracy(AUC 0.929,P<0.05).The serial test showed that nocturnal hypertension was present in 98.0%(49/50)of patients with bedtime systolic BP≥130 mmHg and mean morning systolic BP≥135 mmHg.Conclusions:Mean morning BP and bedtime BP are significant correlates of nocturnal hypertension in patients with hypertension,and combined mean morning BP with bedtime BP showed higher diagnostic accuracy,which might used for predicting nocturnal hypertension with high efficiency.