论女性生命意识与男权文化的博弈——芥川龙之介之女性言说

On Women’s Life Consciousness Versus Patriarchal Culture:Ryunosuke Akutagawa’s Discourse on Women

作为日本大正时代的代表作家,芥川龙之介以148篇之巨的小说扫描了近代日本的“社会世相”。芥川试图通过文学实现近代自我完善的个人主义,在广泛摄取西方近代思想的基础上,实践了近代短篇小说多样化的可能性,故而在日本近代文学史上留下了浓墨重彩。芥川小说中的女性言说反映了芥川在社会变革过程中对女性认知的复杂心态,并导致其小说中的女性人物形象显得杂乱。通过对芥川小说中的女性人物形象加以梳理,从而将芥川在社会变革时期的女性认知加以明晰化。

A representative writer active in the Taisho period in Japan,Ryonosuke Akutagawa is extremely prolific over his short career,depicting modern Japanese society in his 148 novels.Akutagawa relies on literature to achieve the social idealism in the form of self-development.By extensively assimilating western modernity,this literary wizard certainly opens more possibilities of diversity in the practice of short story writing,and his accomplishment makes the genre more recognized as an important part of modern Japanese literature.The study of Ryunosuke Akutagawa is an enduring appeal for both Japanese and Chinese scholars.Based on a close analysis of the history research on Akutagawa's literary works,the author has found that two divisions stand out:one is the study of literariness,the other is the study of“shakai seso”,which refers to aspects of society in modern Japan depicted through literary texts.However,little attention has ever been paid to the study of Akutagawa's discourse on“women”,leaving an undeniable research gap in the division of“shakai seso”.Akutagawa's voice on women mirrors a complicated mentality shown in perception of women at a time of social transition,which is why the women characters in his short novels lack clarity and unity.The paper aims to provide a character sketch of the women in Akutagawa'novels,so as to help clarify his cognition of women during the transition from the Meiji to the Taisho era.