金尾矿综合回收技术研究进展

Research progress on comprehensive recovery of gold tailings

金矿选别过程中产生的尾矿量逐年上升,长期堆存不仅会占用大量土地资源,还会对环境造成污染,且金尾矿中还残留了金、钨、铁等有价金属矿物以及石英、长石、重晶石等非金属矿物,具有较高的回收利用价值,因此金尾矿的综合回收利用是金矿资源绿色高效开发的重要内容。综述了金尾矿中有价金属矿物(金、铁、钨、锌等)和非金属矿物(石英、长石、绢云母、重晶石等)的回收工艺、药剂种类及药剂制度,指出了各种矿物回收中存在的问题。未来应结合计算机技术加强新型浮选药剂的设计与开发,持续优化工艺流程,提高综合回收率,以实现金尾矿资源的最大化利用。

The amount of tailings produced in the sorting process of gold ore is increasing year by year.Long-term stockpiling will not only occupy a large amount of land resources,but also cause environmental pollution.In addition,valuable metal minerals such as gold,tungsten,iron,and non-metallic minerals such as quartz,feldspar,and barite remain in the gold tailings,which have high recycling value.Therefore,the comprehensive recycling and utilization of gold tailings is an important part of the green and efficient development of gold resources.This article reviews the recovery processes for valuable metal minerals(such as gold,iron,tungsten,zinc,etc.)and non-metallic minerals(such as quartz,feldspar,sericite,and barite),types of reagents,and systems of reagents in gold tailings,and points out the problems in the recovery of various minerals.In the future,computer technology should be combined to strengthen the design and development of new flotation reagents,continuously optimize the process flow,improve the comprehensive recovery rate,and achieve the maximum utilization of gold tailings resources.