多伦多大学交叉学科研究生培养机制、特色和启示

Mechanism,Features and Enlightenment of Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Training at the University of Toronto

在交叉学科形成过程中如何进行交叉学科研究生培养是当前我国高校需要解决的重要问题。多伦多大学交叉学科合作专业,以传统专业为依托的招生培养原则、以交叉性议题为导向的培养体系、以探究式教学为主的教学方法以及完善的交叉学科组织协同和质量保障机制,为交叉学科培育过程中交叉学科研究生培养提供了有效路径,解决了这一阶段分科教育与交叉学科教育分离、不同专业课程的简单拼凑、不能充分利用学科近缘交叉的优势等问题,为我国交叉学科研究生培养提供了有益借鉴,即研究生培养中应构建“专业+交叉”的交叉学科研究生培养体系、建立以交叉学科问题为导向的资源整合机制、建立常态化的交叉学科研究生培养的运行管理机制和制定交叉学科专业质量保障体系。

How to carry out interdisciplinary postgraduate training in the process of interdisciplinary formation is an important prob-lem that needs to be solved in Chinese universities.The Collaborative Specializations(CS)of the University of Toronto is based on the enrollment and training principles of traditional majors,the training system oriented by cross-issues,the teaching method based on in-quiry-based teaching,and the perfect interdisciplinary organization coordination and quality assurance mechanism.In the process of cultivating disciplines,the training of interdisciplinary graduate students provides an effective path,which solves the problems of the separation of sub-discipline education and interdisciplinary education,the simple patchwork of different professional courses,and the inability to make full use of the advantages of the closeness cross disciplines.The training provides a useful reference,that is,a"pro-fessional+cross"interdisciplinary graduate training system,a problem-oriented interdisciplinary resource integration mechanism,a normalized interdisciplinary operation mechanism and quality assurance system should be established.