基于故障树的深基坑桩锚支护风险评估及预防

Risk assessment and prevention of deep foundation pit pile anchor support based on fault tree

为深入研究深基坑桩锚支护事故的风险和预防策略,采用故障树分析,构建了底事件的事件库和相应的故障树。引入了考虑时效性的增大系数法,对顶事件的概率进行科学调整。结合实际工程项目案例,对底事件的概率重要度和关键重要度进行了系统的排序与对比分析。结果显示,基坑超挖、坑边附加荷载、未及时支锚、降雨、未布置排水孔以及降水深度不足等风险因素是引发桩锚支护事故的关键因子。提出了针对性的预防措施,并在实际工程中加以应用。该研究可为桩锚支护事故的预防、应急处理、原因分析提供重要的理论支持,也可为类似工程的安全管理提供一定的参考。

To further study the risk and prevention strategy of pile anchor support accidents in deep foundation pits,the fault tree analysis was used to construct the event database of the bottom event,and the corresponding fault tree was constructed.On this basis,the increase coefficient method considering timeliness is introduced to scientifically adjust the probability of the top event.Combined with the actual engineering project cases,the probability importance and critical importance of the bottom event are systematically ranked and compared.The results show that the risk factors such as foundation pit over-excavation,additional load at the pit edge,failure to support the anchor in time,rainfall,failure to arrange drainage holes and insufficient precipitation depth are the key factors that cause pile anchor support accidents.In order to effectively deal with these risk factors,targeted preventive measures are proposed and applied in practical engineering.This study can provide important theoretical support for the prevention,emergency treatment and cause analysis of pile anchor support accidents,and can also provide a certain reference for the safety management of similar projects.