基于网络群组特征的生态管理分区--以武汉市为例

Ecological management zoning based on network group characteristics:a case study of Wuhan City

生态管理分区是维持区域生态安全、实现城市生态差异化治理的重要手段。然而现有分区方法侧重生态功能属性,较少考虑生态斑块之间联系强度差异,忽视了斑块的群组结构。以武汉市为例构建生态网络,从生态系统结构和功能的视角,结合斑块空间组织和斑块联系强弱,运用凝聚子群方法,提取联系紧密的生态组分,将网络划分为异质性群组,基于网络群组特征和生态景观辐射范围进行分区覆盖分析,并进行分区评价。结果表明:(1)86条生态廊道连接研究区34处生态斑块,进一步形成8个生态群组;(2)多数群组内部连通性较好,北部群组之间联系较强,南部群组之间联系相对较弱;(3)依据群组结构功能特征,形成6大网络群组分区,通过与武汉市经济发展规划分区对比,两者具有较高的一致性;(4)城市外围的分区网络稳定性较好,中部稳定性较差,识别分区内13个重要斑块和16条重要廊道,作为重点发展保护对象;(5)综合分区特征将6大分区确立为生态屏障区、生态控制区、生态改善区、生态修复区、生态开发区以及生态保育区,并提出生态发展差异化保护措施。研究将生态功能属性和空间结构属性进行有机关联并制定分区策略,为区域生态管理分区、生态保护规划提供新视角。

Ecological management zoning is an important means to maintain regionally ecological security and achieve differentiated urban ecological governance.However,the existing zoning methods mainly focus on ecological functional attributes,with less consideration of the differences in linkage strength between ecological patches,and ignore the group structure of patches.In this paper,Wuhan City was taken as an example to construct an ecological network.From the perspective of ecosystem structure and function,combined with the spatial organization of patches and the strength of patch linkages,the cohesive subgroup method was applied to extract the ecological components that were closely connected,and the network was divided into heterogeneous groups,and regional coverage analysis was carried out based on the characteristics of network groups and the radiation range of ecological landscape,followed by a comprehensive evaluation of the zoning.The results showed that:(1)86 ecological corridors connected 34 ecological patches in the study area,which further formed 8 ecological groups.(2)Most of these ecological groups had good internal connectivity,with strong connections between the northern groups and relatively weak connections between the southern groups.(3)According to the structure and function characteristics of the groups,they were divided into 6 network group zones.By comparing with the Wuhan economic development planning zones,the two zones had a high degree of consistency.(4)The network stability of the zone near the city periphery was good,while the stability of the central zone was poor.In addition,the 13 important patches and 16 important corridors within the zone were identified as key development and protection objects.(5)Based on the integrated characteristics of the zoning,six major zoning categories are established,namely as ecological shield area,ecological control area,ecological improvement area,ecological remediation area,ecological development area and ecological conservation area.In conjunction with these zoning categories,differentiated protection measures for ecological development in the zone were finally proposed.This research promotes an organic correlation between ecological function attributes and spatial structure attributes,culminating in the formulation of effective zoning strategies.In turn,this provides a new perspective for regional ecological management zoning and ecological protection planning.