面向环境司法智能审判场景的人工智能大模型应用探讨

Application of Artificial Intelligence Large Language Model for Smart Environmental Judicial Adjudication

环境司法审判是生态环境治理体系的重要组成部分,基于生成式人工智能(AI)技术的突破而形成的AI大模型为环境司法审判工作转向更高水平的智能审判体系提供了重大机遇。本文围绕推进AI大模型技术与环境司法审判工作融合、实现环境司法审判工作创新发展的主旨,探讨了AI大模型在环境司法智能审判中的赋能作用和应用实践,凝炼了当前环境司法AI大模型存在的数据质量“低劣”“算法黑箱”引发偏见、深度应用能力不足等突出问题;以生态环境保护类案件应用为例,构建了基于AI大模型的环境司法智能审判系统,阐述了相应系统的架构设计以及涉及的技术要素。进一步提出了注重顶层设计、建设环境司法高端智库,建设环境司法数据中台、健全司法数据标准及规范体系,构建算法治理机制、促进环境司法审判公平正义,完善环境司法多元问责机制、筑牢司法监督管理体系等发展建议,以期丰富环境司法审判工作的前沿技术认知,加快环境司法的智能化、智慧化、现代化转型进程。

Environmental judicial adjudication is an essential component of the eco-environment governance system.The artificial intelligence large language model(AI-LLM),developed based on generative artificial intelligence,has offered significant opportunities for the environmental judicial adjudication to develop toward a higher level of smart adjudication.This study aims to promote the integration of AI-LLM technology with environmental judicial adjudication and promote the intelligent development of the environmental judicial adjudication.It explores the role and practical applications of AI-LLM in environmental judicial adjudication and summarizes prominent problems such as poor data quality,bias caused by algorithmic opacity,and limited capabilities for deep application.Using eco-environmental protection cases as an example,this study establishes a smart environmental judicial adjudication system based on AI-LLM and elaborates on the architecture design of the system and the technical elements involved.Furthermore,it proposes the following suggestions to promote the intelligent development of environment judicial adjudication:(1)emphasizing toplevel design and establishing a high-end think tank for environmental justice;(2)building an environmental justice data center to improve the judicial data standards system;(3)establishing an algorithmic governance mechanism to promote the fairness and justice in environmental judicial adjudication;and(4)improving the multiple accountability mechanism for environmental justice to strengthen the judicial supervision and management system.