基于生产性景观保护的滨海渔村活态保护更新研究——以日照市张家台村及周边滨海地区为例

Research on Active Protection and Renewal of Coastal Fishing Villages Based on Productive Landscape Protection:Taking Zhangjiatai Village and the Surrounding Coastal Areas in Rizhao as an Example

滨海渔村由于自然环境的特殊性,具有特色的生产方式、民俗文化与景观风貌。生产性景观是滨海渔村最重要的表现形式,也是区别于农耕型村落的最大特色。目前大多数传统滨海渔村正面临转型或消亡的艰难境况,而国内关于滨海渔村保护更新方式的既有研究与实践仍处于探索阶段,亟需从全新完整的视角,探索一套适合滨海渔村活态化发展的更新模式。本文选取典型的滨海渔村—山东省日照市张家台村为例,其村内及周边片区现存丰富的海洋渔业生产性景观遗存,有着滨海渔村普遍的特色价值与现实困境。结合相关理论与案例研究,本文提出滨海渔村生产性景观活态保护更新的系统性策略:滨海环境的生态保护、系统有机的要素存续、因地制宜的功能转换、自下而上的小微更新,以期为滨海地区乡村的规划更新提供参考借鉴。

Due to the special natural environment,coastal fishing villages have their distinctive folk culture,spatial form,and architectural style.Productive landscape is the most important part of coastal fishing villages,which is also the biggest feature different from agricultural villages.At present,most of the traditional coastal fishing villages are facing the difficult choice of transformation or extinction.The existing research and practice on the protection and renewal methods of coastal fishing villages in China are still in the exploratory stage.It is urgent to explore a village renewal model that enables coastal fishing villages to develop in a dynamic way.This paper selects Zhangjiatai Village,in Rizhao City,Shandong Province for practical research.Zhangjiatai Village is a typical coastal fishing village.There are rich marine fishery productive landscape relics in and around Zhangjiatai Village,which has the general characteristic value and practical dilemma of coastal fishing village.Based on relevant theories and case studies,this paper proposes systematic strategies for the protection and renewal of productive landscape in coastal fishing villages,including ecological protection of coastal environment,systematic existence of elements,functional transformation of local conditions,and bottom-up micro-regeneration,hoping to provide reference for the planning and renewal of villages in coastal areas.