基于LEACH协议的能量优化方法

Method of energy optimization based on LEACH protocol

针对低功耗自适应聚类协议产生的整体能耗不均及网络生命周期短的问题,提出一种改进的能量优化方法。结合能量模型、节点发送及融合数据的综合能耗计算簇头比例;利用节点剩余能量与节点基站间的距离,优化成簇阶段中簇头选取阈值公式。在普通节点入簇阶段,引入簇规模密度,避免簇规模差距过大,采用就近原则与簇密度规模更新簇头。在数据传输阶段,引入“热区”边界对簇头分类,不同类簇头采用不同的数据传输方式。仿真结果表明,所提方法能均衡网络能耗且延长网络生命周期。

Aiming at the problems of the overall energy consumption and short life cycle from the low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy(LEACH)protocol,a method of energy optimization was proposed.The cluster head ratio was computed by combining the energy model,energy consumption of sending nodes and fused data.The threshold formula for cluster head selection in clustering stage was improved using the residual energy of node and the distance between this node and base station.In the clustering part of common nodes,the cluster size density was utilized to avoid a large gap among cluster sizes,and the cluster head was updated according to the proximity principle and cluster density scale.In the data transmission stage,cluster heads were classified by introducing‘hot zone’boundaries,and different types of cluster heads used different data transmission methods.The simulation results show that the proposed method can balance energy consumption and prolong life cycle in the network.