水稻种植模式与秸秆还田方式对土壤养分的影响

Effects of Rice Planting Methods Pattern and Rice Residue Inputting Modes on Soil Nutrients

为探明水稻不同种植模式与还田方式下土壤养分含量的变化。以辽星21号为试验材料,在大田条件下,比较移栽与直播种植2种模式下秸秆还田、炭化还田和不还田3种方式土壤中有机碳、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、全氮、全磷、全钾含量的差异。研究结果表明,直播种植模式较移栽方式土壤速效磷含量、速效钾含量和全磷含量增加0.9%、5.4%和7.1%,生物炭还田较不还田处理分别显著增加土壤有机碳含量、速效钾含量、全氮含量和全磷含量9.6%、20.1%、5.3%和8.1%。因此,直播种植结合生物炭还田可作为提高农田肥力、改善土壤养分的一项促进北方寒地稻田资源再利用有效措施。

To investigate the changes of soil nutrient content under different planting patterns and application modes of rice,the contents of organic carbon,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium in the soil of straw application,biochar inputting and non-inputting under the field conditions of Liaoxing-21 were compared.The results showed that compared with transplanting,the content of available phosphorus,available potassium and total phosphorus in soil increased by 0.9%,5.4%and 7.1%,and the content of organic carbon,available potassium,total nitrogen and total phosphorus in soil significantly increased by 9.6%,20.1%,5.3%and 8.1%,respectively.Therefore,direct seeding combined with biochar inputting to the field can be an effective measure to improve farmland fertility and soil nutrients to promote the reuse of rice resources in the northern cold region.