山东省黄河三角洲水生耐盐药用植物资源调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Resources of Aquatic Salt Tolerant Medicinal Plants in Yellow River Delta of Shandong Province

对山东省黄河三角洲地区水生耐盐药用植物的种类、生活型及对应药材入药部位、药性、功效进行统计调查分析。共调查到野生水生耐盐药用植物299种。根据恩格勒分类系统,这些植物隶属于76科204属;生活型以草本型为主,共222种。以299种药用植物为基源的药材共338种,其中全草入药药材144种,占药材种类数的42.60%;平性药材最多,共85种;苦味药、甘味药和辛味药数量较其他药味具有明显优势;以功效分类,清热药、利水渗湿类、活血化瘀类、化痰止咳类、止血药和补虚药占优势。针对水生耐盐药用植物特点,结合该区域自然状况,提出了合理开发和综合利用的建议。

A statistical investigation and analysis were conducted on the species,life forms,and the medicinal parts,properties and efficacies of the corresponding medicinal materials of the aquatic salt tolerant medicinal plants in the Yellow River Delta of Shandong Province.A total of 299 species of wild aquatic salt tolerant medicinal plants were investigated.According to the Engler classification system,these plants belonged to 76 families and 204 genera.The life forms were mainly herbage,accounting for 222 species.There were 338 species of medicinal materials based on the 299 species of medicinal plants,including 144 species of whole herbs,accounting for 42.60%of the total number of medicinal materials;85 species of medicinal materials with neutral property were the most.The number of bitter,sweet and acrid herbs was obviously higher than that of herbs with other flavors.In terms of efficacy,the herbs of heat-clearing,urinationpromoting and dampness-draining,blood-activating and stasis-resolving,phlegm-resolving and coughrelieving,hemostatic and deficiency-tonifying were dominant.Therefore,recommendations for rational development and comprehensive utilization were put forward based on the characteristics of aquatic salt tolerant medicinal plants and the natural conditions ofthis region.