基于MCR模型的泉州市绿地生态网络构建与生态节点识别研究

Research on the Construction of Greenland Ecological Network and Ecological Nodes Identification

绿地生态网络的构建与生态节点的识别对改善区域生态环境质量和促进物种多样性具有重要的作用。本研究以福建省泉州市为例,对比分析了2010和2020年2个时期的生态源地、生态阻力面变化,探析绿地生态网络时空格局演变。运用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)、MCR模型和重力模型等方法识别生态源地、构建生态廊道和生态节点,并提出相应的优化策略。结果表明:(1)10年间泉州市生态源地数量由6个增至9个,但生态源地总面积呈现下降趋势。(2)10年间泉州市生态阻力面以各级城镇为高值中心,并以点状和块状向四周扩张。(3)运用MCR模型构建生态廊道24条,其中一级廊道1条,二级廊道10条,三级廊道13条。(4)识别出断裂点993个,生态节点29个。(5)提出保护与增补生态源地、构建与优化生态廊道、建设生态节点与修复生态断裂点三项优化策略。

The construction of green space ecological network and recognition of ecological nodes play important roles in improving regional ecological environment quality and promoting species diversity.Taking Quanzhou city of Fujian Province as an example,this paper compared and analyzed the changes of ecological sources and ecological resistance surfaces in 2010 and 2020,and analyzed the spatial and temporal pattern evolution of green space ecological network.Morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA),MCR model and gravity model are used to identify ecological sources,construct ecological corridors and ecological nodes,and corresponding optimization strategies are put forward.The results show that:(1)the number of ecological sources in Quanzhou increased from 6 to 9 in 10 years,but the total area of ecological sources showed a downward trend.(2)In the past 10 years,the ecological resistance surface of Quanzhou city was the high value center of all levels of towns,and expanded in dots and blocks.(3)The MCR model is used to build 24 ecological corridors,including 1 first-level corridor,10 second-level corridors and 13 third-level corridors.(4)993 fault points and 29 ecological nodes were identified.(5)Put forward three optimization strategies:protecting and supplementing ecological sources,constructing and optimizing ecological corridors,constructing ecological nodes and restoring ecological fault points.