高动态范围激光雷达回波信号的全波形采集方法仿真研究

Simulation research on full waveform acquisition method of high dynamic range lidar echo signal

针对一些激光雷达系统中回波信号动态范围较大,难以对其进行强弱兼顾的高性能采集的问题,提出了利用高速数字化仪进行全波形采集,再配合算法软件处理的一种软硬件联合采集方法。对于其中的软件光子计数算法,还提出了一种脉冲甄别电压阈值的动态选择方法来提高计数准确度。为了对比验证方法的可行性,建立了光电探测采集的全链路器件仿真模型。基于一套优选器件的典型参数,仿真对比了全波形采集方法与现有方法的采集误差,验证了所提出的全波形采集方法及动态阈值选择算法的有效性与技术优势。该研究为高动态范围、微弱光信号的探测方法,提供了软硬件结合的新思路。

For the high dynamic range of echo signals in some lidar systems, it can be challenging to achieve high performance acquisition of the strong and weak signals simultaneously. A hardware and software joint acquisition method is proposed, which uses a high-speed digitizer to acquire the full waveform and then deals with the algorithm software. For the software photon counting algorithm, a dynamic voltage threshold selection method is also proposed to improve the counting accuracy. The simulation model of devices in the full-link of photoelectric detection and acquisition is established to compare and verify the feasibility of the methods. Based on a set of typical parameters of preferred devices, the simulation compared the acquisition errors of the full waveform acquisition method with the existing methods, verifying the effectiveness and technical advantages of the full waveform acquisition method and the dynamic threshold selection algorithm. This research provides a novel idea for the detection of weak optical signals with high dynamic range by leveraging a synergistic combination of hardware and software techniques.