强浪海域埋入式护底对防波堤稳定性的影响分析

Influence of embedded bottom blocks on stability of breakwaters in strong wave areas

海南岛东南海岸台风频繁,近岸波浪极限波高可达10 m,建港条件恶劣。防波堤的结构安全成为在该海域建港的关键难题。基于南海应急抢险打捞保障基地工程对斜坡式防波堤稳定性进行研究,通过建立三维波浪整体物理模型对防波堤不同形式的护面及护底块体进行稳定性试验。结果表明:在该强浪海域,防波堤护底的稳定直接影响护面的稳定。通过加大护底块石质量以达到稳定的效果不佳,而通过采用埋入式护底的结构形式可有效提高稳定的同时有利于减小护底块石的质量,进而达到防波堤护面结构稳定的要求,一定程度上节省了工程投资。

The southeastern coast of Hainan Island experiences frequent typhoons,and the nearshore wave limiting heights can reach up to 10 meters,making the port construction conditions harsh.The structural safety of the breakwater becomes a key challenge for port construction in this sea area.This paper studies the stability of the sloping breakwater based on the South China Sea emergency salvage support base project,and conducts stability experiments on different types of armor blocks and bottom blocks of the breakwater using a three-dimensional wave physical model.The results indicate that the stability of the breakwater foundation directly affects the stability of the armor blocks in this strong wave areas.Increasing the mass of the bottom blocks to achieve stability is not effective,while adopting an embedded bottom protection can improve stability and minimize the mass of the bottom blocks,thereby meeting the stability requirements of the breakwater armor blocks and saving engineering investment to some extent.