超重肥胖大学生24小时活动指南依从性及其心理健康问题研究

Adherence to 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Mental Health Problems in Chinese College Students with Overweight or Obesity

目的:考察中国超重肥胖大学生24小时活动指南依从和心理健康问题(压力、焦虑和抑郁)的人口统计学特征,探究活动指南依从与压力、焦虑和抑郁之间的关联,以及特征自我控制是否在上述关联中起到中介作用。方法:采用纵向前瞻性设计,对456名超重肥胖大学生完成两个时间点的数据收集,包含基线的自评24小时活动行为(身体活动、久坐及睡眠)和人口统计学变量,以及间隔2个月后的自评压力、焦虑和抑郁水平。结果:在24小时活动指南方面,男性、低年级以及父母教育水平较高的学生在活动指南方面的依从情况更好。女性以及高年级被试的心理健康问题主要表现为压力、焦虑和抑郁水平更高。此外,活动指南依从反向显著预测超重肥胖大学生的压力、焦虑及抑郁水平。特质自我控制对24小时活动依从与心理健康问题之间的关系起到部分中介作用。结论:未来应制定相关健康政策,采取科学有效的干预措施,以帮助中国超重肥胖大学生提高身体活动量、降低久坐、确保充足睡眠,进而提升其心理健康水平。

The present study aimed to investigate the demographic characteristics associated with compliance to the 24-hour movement guidelines and mental health problems(specifically,stress,anxiety,and depression)in overweight and obese Chinese college students.Furthermore,the study sought to explore the association between adherence to the guidelines and stress,anxiety,and depression,and whether the trait of self-control played a mediating role in this relationship.The study utilized a longitudinal prospective design,in which 456 overweight and obese college students completed two rounds of data collection.The first round included self-reported data on 24-hour movement behaviors(comprising physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep),as well as demographic variables,while the second round focused on self-reported stress,anxiety,and depression levels,collected after two months.The findings revealed that male participants at lower grade levels,and those with higher levels of parental education showed a higher level of compliance with the 24-hour movement guidelines.Conversely,female participants and those at higher grade levels reported more significant levels of stress,anxiety,and depression.Furthermore,overweight and obese college students who met more movement guidelines exhibited significantly lower levels of stress,anxiety,and depression.The trait of self-control partially mediated this relationship between adherence to movement guidelines and mental health outcomes.In the future,it is crucial to develop effective policies and interventions to promote positive movement behaviors among overweight and obese Chinese college students(e.g.,engaging in physical activity,reducing sedentary time,and availing adequate,quality sleep)that ultimately enhance mental well-being.