青海生态环境状况20年(2000—2020)变化遥感地质评价

Remote sensing geological evaluation of ecological environmental changes in Qinghai Province during the past 20 years(2000—2020)

青海省处于青藏高原腹地,属于典型的大陆气候,地质生态环境较为脆弱,近些年来地质生态环境持续得以改善,对生态环境状况进行评价,具有重要的意义。本文借鉴生态环境评价技术方法,利用2000年和2020年两期遥感影像数据为研究基础,建立了地质生态环境状况遥感评价模型,在计算生物丰度、植被覆盖、水网密度、土地胁迫4个指标指数的基础上,应用综合指数法得出生态环境状况指数(EI)并开展对比研究,从遥感影像图的角度来评价青海生态环境20年的变化状况。评价结果显示生态环境状况指数值均小于0.75,生态环境状况等级为“一般”的面积有45.1万km^(2),占比63%。2000—2020年间,青海生态环境状况约60.56万km^(2)(约87%)无明显变化,局部地区趋向变好的趋势。

Qinghai Province is located in the heartland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and belongs to a typical continental climate.The geological and ecological environment is relatively fragile.In recent years,the geological ecological environment has been continuously improved,and it is of great significance to evaluate the ecological environment.This paper draws on mature technical methods for ecological environment evaluation and uses remote sensing image data from 2000 and 2020 as the basis for research.It constructs a remote sensing evaluation model for the geological ecological environment.On the basis of calculating four indexes of iological abundance,vegetation coverage,water network density and land stress,the comprehensive index method is applied to obtain the Ecological Environment Condition Index(EI)for comparative research.The changes in the ecological environment in Qinghai over the past 20 years are evaluated from the perspective of remote sensing image analysis.The evaluation results show that the values of the Ecological Environment Condition Index are all below 0.75,and the area with a"general"ecological environment condition accounts for 451,000 square kilometers,or 63% of the total area.Between 2000 and 2020,the ecological environment condition in Qinghai remained relatively unchanged in approximately 605,600 square kilometers(about 87%),with a slight trend of improvement in some localized areas.