广东省风景名胜区研究回顾与展望(1979-2022)

Review and Prospects of Research on Scenic And Historic Areas of Guangdong Province Based on Bibliometrics

广东省作为经济社会和旅游业最发达的地区之一,进行省域风景名胜区研究有利于提高风景名胜区人文、自然和经济价值的区域效用。结合文献计量学的定量分析方法,对知网195篇广东风景名胜区相关研究文献进行综合评述,分析已有广东风景名胜区研究在文献年谱、关键词、研究对象、研究方法的特征,并基于文献年谱进行分阶段研究内容的发展总结。研究发现:(1)研究对象上,区位集中在珠三角地区,类型以城市风景类为主,存在区域体系研究缺乏,案例研究不全面的问题;(2)研究方法上,2009年之后定量研究逐渐增加,其中以地理信息统计和游客问卷调研的定量评价为主,但整体上定量研究较少,同时跨学科的评价方法选取缺乏论证;(3)研究内容上按时间可分为研究兴起期、实践探索期和理论拓展期三个阶段,目前以景城文化互动和景城边界规划控制为例,城市风景类风景名胜相关研究内容呈现出明显的区域特征,但还缺乏集中深入的探讨。在此基础上,提出巩固基础对象的系统研究、拓展学习风景遗产保护研究方法、深入地域特色城市风景类风景名胜区研究的未来展望。

Scenic and Historic Areas are a type of nature reserve in China with humanistic characteristics.Scholars have conducted in-depth studies on the past development and future positioning of National Scenic Areas,as well as case studies of important National Scenic Areas,but research on Regional Scenic and Historic Areas in the provinces is lacking.Guangdong Province is one of the most developed regions in terms of economy,society and tourism,and its Scenic and Historic Areas possess rich natural and human resources.Research on provincial Scenic and Historic Areas is conducive to improving the regional utility of their humanistic,natural and economic value.Data was sourced from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and"Guangdong Scenic and Historic Areas"and the names of a total of 26 scenic spots at national and provincial levels in G uangdong were used as the keywords for subject searching.One of the relevant disciplines of the literature was architectural science and engineering.All the retrieved literature on Guangdong Scenic and Historic Areas from 1979 to 2022 were downloaded and imported into Note Express literature management software;a total of 195 titles of Guangdong scenic spots were obtained after excluding duplicates,including 5 conference papers,144 journal articles and 46 dissertations.The word frequency data were obtained according to the titles,publication years and keywords of the literature.Quantitative analyses and a comprehensive review of the research objects and methods were conducted and the development of the research content was summarised at different stages based on the chronology of the literature.The study found:(1)on the research object,the locations are concentrated in the Pearl River Delta region and the type is mainly urban landscape category but there is a lack of regional system research and the case studies are not comprehensive;(2)In terms of research methodology,quantitative research gradually increased after 2009,with the quantitative evaluation of geographic information statistics and tourist questionnaire research as the main focus,but there were fewer quantitative studies on the whole and a lack of justification for the selection of interdisciplinary evaluation methods;(3)The research content can be divided into three phases:the research emergence period from 1979 to 1989,the practice exploration period from 1990 to 2004,and the theory expansion period from 2005 to 2022.Horizontally,it is gradually expanding in the four aspects of historical evolution and scenic characteristics,resource identification and evaluation,planning and design theories and practices,as well as protection and management measures and institutions.At present,taking the scenic-city cultural interactions and the scenic-city boundary planning and control as examples,the research related to the urban landscape category of Scenic and Historic Areas showed obvious regional characteristics but lacked centralised,in-depth discussions.From the results of this study,combined with existing academic research,future studies of Scenic and Historic Areas in Guangdong Province are proposed:(1)to optimise the holistic study of certain basic objects in case studies;(2)to explore more research methods in the context of the development of cultural landscape heritage from its articulation with the theoretical study of cultural landscapes and to pay attention to the intervention of existing scientific and technological means in the management and dissemination of values of heritage;(3)to conduct in-depth research on Scenic and Historic Areas of urban landscape with regional characteristics,paying attention to the relationship between the construction of scenic areas and internal"villages in the landscape",neighbouring villages and neighbouring urban construction land,while also promoting research on climate-adaptive design and influencing mechanisms of civic culture in regional Scenic and Historic Areas.