马克思劳动观视角下劳动教育的哲学阐释

Philosophical Interpretation of Labor Education from the Perspective of Marx′s View of Labor

教育与劳动相结合是唯物史观的内在要求,是社会主义教育观的重要内容。在劳动方式和劳动形态日益复杂多样的今天,看似老生常谈的劳动教育事实上也面临着诸多新的问题。从根本上说,新时代劳动教育的核心在于正确人生观价值观的培育、健康人格的养成,而不只是技能的培养,因此,从马克思劳动观视角,阐明新时代劳动教育必须注意的前提性理论问题就显得十分必要。马克思将人类劳动提升为人的类本质特性,为劳动教育提供了本体论根基;劳动作为人的创造性活动,内在地蕴涵了对真善美的追求,为劳动教育提供了知识论依据;劳动的社会历史特性与辩证本质彰显了人类解放和人的全面发展的价值导向,为劳动教育提供了价值观指向。

The combination of education and labor is the inherent requirement of historical materialism and an important content of socialist education view.In today′s world,labor models and labor forms are increasingly complex and diverse,labor education is facing some new problems.Fundamentally speaking,the core of labor education in the new era lies in the cultivation of correct outlook on life and values,the cultivation of healthy personality,rather than the cultivation of skills.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the premise theoretical problems that labor education must pay attention to in the new era from the perspective of Marx′s view of labor.Karl Marx regarded human labor as the essential feature of human beings,which provides an ontological foundation for labor education.Labor,as a creative human activity,contains the pursuit of truth,goodness and beauty,and provides a theoretical basis for survival in labor education.The social and historical characteristics and dialectical nature of labor demonstrate the value orientation of liberation and all-round development of people,which also provides a value orientation for labor education.