利用旋翼机和固定翼飞机的空气动力学理论综合估算电动垂直起降飞行器的飞行性能

Flight Performance Estimation of eVTOL Aircraft Using Synthesis of Aerodynamics Theories of Rotorcraft and Fixed⁃Wing Aircraft

根据旋翼机和固定翼飞机的气动理论开发了一个综合方法过程用于估算电动垂直起降(Electric vertical takeoff and landing, e VTOL)飞行器的飞行性能。这种飞机通常采用多旋翼垂直飞行,螺旋桨和机翼的不同组合方式实现飞行。其中,对旋翼和螺旋桨的气动性能采用传统动量理论分析和旋翼元素分析。本文利用此综合理论研究了12架e VTOL飞行器的飞行性能,包括多旋翼飞行器、矢量推进飞行器和升力巡航飞行器。计算了悬停、爬升和下降以及巡航水平飞行,不同飞行状态时驱动电机、旋翼和机身的飞行特性。据此,可以进一步确定电力推进系统的性能指标,以匹配螺旋桨或旋翼,从而满足飞行任务。

This paper developed a synthesis process based on the aerodynamic theories of rotorcraft and fixed-wing air⁃craft to estimate the performance of electric vertical takeoff and landing(eVTOL)aircraft,which commonly adopt multiple rotors for vertical flight,and propeller and wing for forward flight.Momentum theory analysis and blade ele⁃ment analysis have been well used to analyze flight performance of rotor and propeller.Using the synthesis theory,this study investigated flight performance of 12 eVTOL aircraft including multicopter,lift&cruise,and vectored thrust categories.Flight profiles of driving motor,rotor,and airframe at hovering,climb and descent,and forward flight were estimated.It was also indicated that specifications of the electric propulsion system were defined to match the propeller or rotor to satisfy the flight mission.