苍耳子不同炮制品对小鼠肝脏肾脏毒性的“量-时-毒”关系研究

Study on the“Dose-Time-Toxicity”Relationship Between Different Cancing Products of Cang’erzi(Xanthii Fructus)on Liver and Kidney Toxicity in Mice

目的比较苍耳子不同炮制品的“量-时-毒”关系,为其毒性反应规律及炮制减毒机制提供依据。方法取240只小鼠随机分为正常组和苍耳子生品、清炒、砂炒组低中高剂量组,除正常组外,各低、中、高剂量组分别按照1.3、6.5、13.0 g·kg^(-1)剂量,分别灌胃给药1、7和14 d,Elisa法检测各组动物的血清ALT、AST、BUN、CR值,计算各组肝、肾脏器指数,并观察连续给药1、7、14 d后的肝、肾组织病理变化。结果与正常组相比,苍耳子生品组显著升高小鼠血清中ALT、AST、BUN、CR的含量(P<0.05,P<0.01),肝、肾组织病理可见明显损伤;与苍耳子生品组比较,清炒组和砂炒组显著降低小鼠血清中ALT、AST、BUN、CR的含量(P<0.05,P<0.01),减轻肝、肾组织病理损伤程度,且肝、肾脏指数和病理形态学的改变具有时间和剂量的依赖性。结论苍耳子生品对正常动物具有一定的肝、肾毒性,并呈现一定的“量-时-毒”关系;苍耳子不同炮制品均可减轻体内肝、肾毒性,且砂炒组较清炒组减毒效果更为明显。

Objective To compare the“dose-time-toxicity”relationship of different processed products of Cang’erzi(Xanthii Fructus),and provide a basis for their toxicity reaction patterns and the mechanism of reducing toxicity during processing.Methods 240 mice were randomly divided into normal and low,medium,and high dose groups of Cang’erzi(Xanthii Fructus)raw,stir fried,and sand fried.Except for the normal group,each low,medium,and high dose group was given a dose of 1.3,6.5,and 13.0 g·kg^(-1) by gavage for 1 day,7 days,and 14 days,respectively.The serum ALT,AST,BUN,and CR values of each group of animals were measured using the Elisa method,and the liver and kidney organ indices of each group were calculated.The pathological changes of liver and kidney tissues were observed after continuous administration for 1 day,7 days,and 14 days.Results Compared with the normal group,the raw material group of Cang’erzi(Xanthii Fructus)significantly increased the levels of ALT,AST,BUN,and CR in the serum of mice(P<0.05,P<0.01),and significant pathological damage was observed in the liver and kidney tissues;Compared with the raw group of Cang’erzi(Xanthii Fructus),the clear fried group and sand fried group significantly reduced the levels of ALT,AST,BUN,and CR in the serum of mice(P<0.05,P<0.01),reduced the degree of pathological damage to liver and kidney tissues,and the changes in liver and kidney index and pathological morphology were time-dependent and dose-dependent.Conclusion The raw product of Cang’erzi(Xanthii Fructus)has certain liver and kidney toxicity to normal animals,and exhibits a certain“dose-time-toxicity”relationship;Different processed products of Cang’erzi(Xanthii Fructus)can reduce liver and kidney toxicity in the body,and the sand fried group has a more significant detoxification effect than the clear fried group.