列车碰撞安全试验用假人的研究

Research on dummies used in train crash safety testing

针对列车碰撞场景与汽车碰撞场景中乘员损伤情况的不同,文章在传统的汽车正面碰撞试验假人(HybridⅢ-50th假人)基础上,参考人体乘员约束测试装置(THOR)假人结构,研制了可调角度的腰椎和立姿臀部模块;并重点研究了上腹部和下腹部生物力学响应特性,制作出可坐可站的列车碰撞安全试验用假人(H3-RS假人),使其既具备HybridⅢ-50th假人生物力学特性,又增加了上腹部和下腹部生物力学特性,更加符合列车碰撞安全试验需求;最后通过台车试验进行了初步验证,结果表明H3-RS假人在结构、功能和强度上基本满足试验需求。

In view of the difference in occupant damage between car crash scenarios and train collision scenarios,adjustable-angle lumbar spine and standing hip modules were developed based on the traditional automobile frontal crash test dummy(Hybrid III-50th dummy)with reference to the dummy structure of test device for human occupant restraint(THOR).Focus was given to the study of the biomechanical response characteristics of the upper and lower abdomens,and a train crash safety test dummy(H3-RS dummy)that can sit and stand was produced.This dummy possesses both the biomechanical characteristics of the Hybrid III-50th dummy and those of upper and lower abdomens,and so is more suitable for train crash safety test.Finally the preliminary verification test was carried out through the trolley test.The results demonstrate that the H3-RS dummy basically meets the test requirements in terms of structure,function,and strength.