基于LoRa无线通信的电子脉冲拦鱼器设计

Design of electronic pulse fish barrier based on LoRa wireless communication

针对传统拦鱼器拦截面积有限、智能化水平低等问题,研制了一种基于LoRa无线通信的电子脉冲拦鱼器。该拦鱼器使用Modbus RTU协议实现一主多从间高速、长距离无线通信,用户可根据不同水产养殖面积灵活选用机组个数、脉冲频率和脉冲宽度等参数,以适应不同水体中不同鱼类产生回避反应的能力。主机发送时序指令控制从机轮流产生两路反相带死区控制的PWM方波,控制IGBT进行快速换向,不仅效率高、安全可靠、耗能低,而且噪声小,符合当前绿色环保理念;同时利用LoRa无线通信的优势,在PLC上配备电导率、溶氧、pH和温度等传感器,可实时监测各从机点的水质信息,对用户水产养殖起到很好的辅助作用。此外,基于C#环境开发出基于物联网的智慧养殖平台,可实时监控拦鱼器的工作状态和各测点水质信息并进行故障预警。该电子脉冲拦鱼器,脉冲频率为3~12 Hz,脉宽为0.6~1.2 ms,比可控硅节电达60%,且植入了“物联网+渔业”的新观念,实现了手机或计算机远程控制。研究表明,该电子脉冲拦鱼器具有自动化、智能化、网络化等特点,能够适用于各类水产养殖的拦鱼作业。

A wireless electronic pulse fish interceptor based on LoRa was developed to address the limited interception area and low intelligence level of traditional fish interceptors.The fish interceptor uses the Modbus RTU protocol to enable high-speed,long-distance wireless communication between a master and multiple slaves.Users can flexibly select the number of units,pulse frequency,pulse width,and other parameters according to different aquaculture areas to adapt to the ability of different fish to produce evasive responses in different water qualities.The host sends timing commands to control the slave to generate two inverted PWM square waves with deadband control,which,in turn,controls the IGBT for rapid commutation.This method is highly efficient,safe,and reliable,and it has low energy consumption and noise,which aligns with the current concept of green environmental protection.Additionally,the fish interceptor is equipped with conductivity,dissolved oxygen,pH,and temperature sensors on PLC.This allows for real-time monitoring of the water quality information of each slave point and the user's aquaculture area.This information plays a crucial role in supporting the user's aquaculture.An intelligent aquaculture platform based on the Internet of Things(IoT)has been developed using a C# environment.This platform can monitor the working status of the fish interceptor and the water quality information of each measurement point in real time.It can also carry out early warning of failures.The electronic pulse fish interceptor,with a pulse frequency of 3-12 Hz and pulse width of 0.6-1.2 ms,saves 60% electricity compared to SCR.It has implanted the new concept of"Internet of Things+Fisheries",which enables remote control by cell phone or computer.The practice has shown that the electronic pulse fish interceptor has the characteristics of automation,intelligence,and network.It can be applied to all kinds of aquaculture fish interceptor operations.