领导与员工的超连接匹配对工作绩效的影响及其机制

The effect and mechanism of employee-leader hyperconnectivity congruence on job performance

数字技术在企业的创新应用正在重构传统企业管理学理论与方法.工作中片刻不离手机和笔记本等多种设备的“超连接”成为常态.已有研究关注了互联网超连接对个体心理和行为的一系列消极影响,却忽略了数字技术赋能下的领导与员工超连接对工作绩效的潜在积极影响.本文基于平衡理论,连续三个月跟踪调查了343份领导与员工的配对样本,结果发现:领导与员工之间的超连接越匹配,员工自主性越高,工作目标进展越快,工作绩效显著增加.进一步发现,当领导与员工同处于高超连接时,员工的自主性高,工作目标进展和工作绩效最佳;而在“员工低—领导高”的不匹配模式下,员工的自主性和工作进展都低.本文从匹配视角探究领导与员工超连接模式对工作绩效的积极后效,为数字技术赋能组织管理的工作模式提供了更加全面和均衡的分析视角,同时也为实现领导与员工的工作模式匹配、协同推进工作绩效提供实践指导.

The innovative application of digital technology in enterprises is reconstructing traditional theories and methods of enterprise management.The constant presence of multiple devices such as mobile phones and laptops during work has become a norm.Previous studies have focused on the negative effects of internet hy-perconnectivity on individual psychology and behavior,but have overlooked the potential positive effects of leader-employee hyperconnectivity enabled by digital technology on job performance.Based on the balance theory,this article tracked and surveyed 343 paired samples of leaders and employees for three consecutive months.The results showed that the higher the hyperconnectivity congruence between leaders and employees,the higher the autonomy of employees,the faster the progress of work goals,and the more significant the in-crease in work performance.Furthermore,when both leaders and employees were in a high level of hypercon-nectivity,employees had high autonomy and make high progress towards work goals and performance.In the“low employee high leadership”unmatching condition,employees had low autonomy and work progress.This article explores the positive aftereffects of the leader-employee hyperconnectivity congruence on work perform-ance from a matching perspective.It provides a more comprehensive and balanced perspective for the digital technology empowering organizational management work mode,and a practical guidance for achieving the con-gruence of work patterns between leaders and employees and promoting work performance collaboratively.