公共危机情境下“柔性治理”如何跨越“数字鸿沟”?——基于三种政策工具的实证研究

How Can Flexible Governance Bridge the Digital Divide in Public Crisis Situation?An Empirical Study of Three Policy Tools

在近年来发生的公共危机治理过程中,数字治理技术发挥着重要的作用,但在社区推广层面面临着“数字鸿沟”的现实难题。作为基层社区的重要政策工具,“柔性治理”如何帮助社区民众跨越“数字鸿沟”?在行为公共管理视角下,论文选取健康码的社区推广过程为研究背景,采用双因素(2×3)被试间设计开展调查实验(N=436),以“数字治理民众支持度”为被解释变量,重点探究“数字鸿沟”情景下三种“柔性治理”政策工具的选择策略,并以社区老人、社工访谈为实验结论佐证。实证结果显示,“数字鸿沟”情景对数字治理民众支持度起显著消解作用;三种“柔性治理”政策工具的主效应对被解释变量的影响无显著差异,但“数字鸿沟”情景中的激励工具和助推工具更起显著提升作用。研究用实证分析打开了“柔性治理”政策工具作用机制的“黑箱”,一方面启示管理者应兼顾目标群体特征、政策工具特征和“数字鸿沟”情景,精准施策推动社区数字治理高质量发展;另一方面强调“工具-情景”匹配的政策评估范式,推动行为公共政策在应急管理中向纵深化发展。

a public crisis,digital emergency response tools represented by health codes play an important role,but also face the challenge of the digital divide.Given their importance as policy tools for grassroots communities,how can flexible governance tools help society cross the digital divide?From the perspective of behavioural public administration,using"people's digital governance support"as the dependent variable and the process of promoting health codes in the community as a background,a two-factor(2×3)between-subjects design was used to conduct a survey experiment(N=436)to explore the impact of"digital divide"scenarios on different"flexible governance"policy tools in the process of promoting health codes.Interviews with community elderly and social workers were used as supportive evidence.The empirical results show that the digital divide scenario plays a significant hindering role on people's support.There is no significant difference between the three flexible governance tools in terms of their role effects.But in the"digital divide"scenario,the"incentive"and"nudge"tools play a more significant role in increasing support.The study opens the"black box"of the mechanism of the"flexible governance"policy tools through empirical analysis.Managers should consider the characteristics of the target group,the characteristics of governance tools,and the context of the digital divide,and accurately apply policy tools to promote the high-quality development of community digital governance in public health emergencies.This paper also emphasizes the"tool-circumstance"matching policy evaluation paradigm,which promotes the development of behavioral public policies in emergency management.