“双减”政策下中学生学习倦怠、睡眠质量对非自杀性自伤行为的影响

Influence of learning burnout and sleep quality on non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors among middle school students under"Double Reduction"policy context

目的探讨中学生学习倦怠、睡眠质量对非自杀性自伤(NSSI)行为的影响。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样,选取遵义市5838名中学生进行现场调查,采用自编调查问卷、青少年学习倦怠量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、青少年自我伤害行为问卷评价中学生学习倦怠、睡眠质量及NSSI行为,采用χ^(2)检验、分层回归及路径分析进行统计分析。结果中学生NSSI行为检出率为18.07%,不同性别、年级、学校NSSI行为检出率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);身心耗竭、学业疏离、低成就感及睡眠质量能正向预测NSSI行为的发生(P均<0.05);路径分析显示,身心耗竭、低成就感对NSSI行为的发生有间接效应,学业疏离对NSSI行为的发生有直接和间接效应,睡眠质量直接作用于NSSI行为。结论中学生NSSI行为检出率呈较高水平,学习倦怠(身心耗竭、学业疏离、低成就感)、睡眠质量是影响NSSI行为发生的重要因素,应持续推进“双减”政策,降低中学生学习倦怠水平,保障睡眠健康。

Objective To investigate the influence of learning burnout and sleep quality on non-suicidal self-injurious(NSSI)behaviors among middle school students.Methods A total of 5838 middle school students in Zunyi City were selected for on-site investigation using multi-stage stratified random sampling.The students′learning burnout,sleep quality and NSSI behaviors were estimated by self-compiled questionnaire,adolescent learning burnout scale,Pittsburgh sleep quality index quantity table(PSQI),and adolescent self-injurious behavior questionnaire.Then,χ^(2) test,stratified regression and path analysis were applied for statistical analysis.Results The detection rate of NSSI behavior in middle school students was 18.07%,and statistical differences for NSSI behaviors detection rate were found among different sexes,grades and schools(P<0.05).Physical and mental exhaustion,academic alienation,low sense of achievement and sleep quality were positively associated with the occurrence of NSSI behavior(P<0.05).Path analysis showed that physical and mental exhaustion and low sense of achievement had indirect effects on the occurrence of NSSI behavior,academic alienation had both direct and indirect effects on the occurrence of NSSI behavior,and sleep quality had direct impact on NSSI behavior.Conclusion There was high detection rate of NSSI behavior among middle school students.Learning burnout(physical and mental exhaustion,academic alienation,and low sense of achievement)and sleep quality were important factors to affect the occurrence of NSSI behavior.The"Double Reduction"policy should continue to be promoted to reduce the level of learning burnout among middle school students and ensure sleep health.