电网企业员工心理健康现状调研及影响因素分析

Investigation on the mental health status of employees in state grid enterprises and analysis of influencing factors

目的:通过调查电网企业员工的心理健康状态,分析员工心理应激的影响因素,为相应的心理干预提供理论依据。方法:通过随机抽样方法抽取2023年3—8月在岗的684名国家电网有限公司员工,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和员工工作压力源量表进行问卷调查,采用二元Logistic回归分析对SLC-90评分的相关因素进行分析。结果:684电网员工中,轻度倾向排名前3位的因子分别是抑郁、焦虑、偏执;中度以上倾向排名前3位的因子分别是焦虑情绪倾向、抑郁、躯体化。可能存在负面情绪(焦虑情绪、抑郁情绪)的员工超过50%。684名电网企业员工各来源的工作压力均较大,工作本身压力、技术更新与组织变革压力、角色压力、工作环境和氛围压力平均分均>4分,其中技术更新与组织变革压力平均分最高,为5.02分。女性员工SCL-90中躯体化、抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪因子评分均高于男性员工,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);吸烟或饮酒员工SCL-90中躯体化、抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪因子评分均高于不吸烟且不饮酒的员工,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,年龄、工作压力源评分与SCL-90中躯体化、抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪因子评分有相关性。非条件多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、吸烟饮酒、工作压力源是焦虑情绪、抑郁情绪、躯体化的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:年龄、性别、吸烟饮酒、工作压力可能会影响电网企业员工的心理健康状态,应加强企业员工日常心理健康管理,提升员工的心理健康水平。

Objective By investigating the mental health status of power grid employees,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of employees'psychological stress,and provides theoretical basis for corresponding psychological intervention.Methods A total of 684 employees of the State Grid Corporation of China from March to August 2023 were selected by random sampling method.The Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90)and the employee job stress source scale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey.Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of SLC-90 score.Results Among the 684 power grid employees,the top three factors of mild tendency are depression,anxiety and paranoia;The top three factors of moderate and above tendency are anxiety tendency,depression and somatization.More than 50%of employees may have negative emotions(anxiety,depression).The work pressure of 684 power grid employees from all sources is relatively high.The average scores of work itself pressure,technology update and organizational change pressure,role pressure,work environment and atmosphere pressure are all>4 points,among which the average score of technology update and organizational change pressure is the highest,which is 5.02 points.The scores of somatization,depression and anxiety factors in SCL-90 of female employees were higher than those of male employees,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of somatization,depression and anxiety factors in SCL-90 of smoking or drinking employees were higher than those of non-smoking and non-drinking employees,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that age and work stressor scores were correlated with the scores of somatization,depression and anxiety factors in SCL-90.The results of unconditional multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age,smoking and drinking,and work stressors were the influencing factors of anxiety,depression,and somatization(P<0.05).Conclusions Age,gender,smoking,drinking and work pressure may affect the mental health status of power grid employees.It is necessary to strengthen the daily mental health management of enterprise employees and improve the mental health level of employees.