中美新局势下的贸易摩擦——动因、影响及我国对策

Trade Frictions Under the Current State of Sino-US Relations:Causes,Impacts,and China's Countermeasures

近年来,美国打着“国家安全”和“公平贸易”的幌子,对中国采取了一系列不公正的强硬措施,标志着两国关系进入新局势。美国发起贸易战,名义是平衡贸易关系,实则意图遏制中国经济发展和技术进步,以维护其全球霸主地位。美国拜登政府沿袭了特朗普政府对华贸易政策,以冷战思维与“零和”博弈为基调,通过关税战、芯片战、汇率战和金融战,使中美贸易摩擦蔓延至经济、科技、文化、社会等多个领域,深层次地影响中美经贸合作的长远利益。因此,在新局势下,中国须保持战略定力,构建高效投资框架和应急响应机制,探索“中国式区域合作”新模式,促进内部变革与区域合作协同发展,推动产业技术升级,完善市场体系,优化投资结构,稳固在新国际格局中的地位。

In recent years,under the guise of"national security"and"fair trade",the United States has adopted a series of unfair and tough measures against China,marking a new phase in bilateral relations.The United States initiated a trade war under the pretext of balancing trade relations,but its real intention was to contain China's economic development and technological progress to maintain its global hegemony.The Biden administration has continued its predecessor's trade policies towards China,using a Cold War mentality and a zero-sum approach as the basis.Due to the wars in tariff,chip,currency and finance,Sino-US trade frictions have permeated into fields of economy,technology,culture,and sociey,deeply affecting the long-term interests of Sino-US economic and trade cooperation.Therefore,under the new situation,China must maintain strategic focus,build an efficient investment framework and emergency response mechanism,explore new models of regional cooperation with Chinese characteristics,promote internal reform and coordinated regional development,further boost technological and industrial upgrading,improve the market system,optimize the investment structure,and solidify its position in the new international landscape.