新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征诊断标准的演变及思考

Evolution and considerations of diagnostic criteria for neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome

自1967年急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)首次被报道以来,其诊断及分级标准不断演变。近年来,新生儿ARDS越来越受到关注,然而其研究进展缓慢,部分原因是诊断标准仍存在争议。本文就2012年柏林标准、2017年蒙特勒标准和2023年第二届小儿急性肺损伤共识会议更新的儿童ARDS诊断标准(PALICC-2标准)在新生儿ARDS中的应用进行概述,比较3种诊断标准的异同,分析3种诊断标准应用于新生儿ARDS时其分级标准、触发因素、发病率、病死率、不良预后和治疗等的差异,并提出未来新生儿ARDS诊断标准的研究方向。

Since acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)was firstly reported in 1967,the diagnostic criteria and classification standard have evolved continually.Neonatal ARDS has drawn increasing attention in recent years,while research on neonatal ARDS has proceeded slowly,partly because of ambiguity in the definitions and diagnostic criteria of neonatal ARDS.In this comment,we overview the application of the Berlin definition made in 2012,the Montreux definition made in 2017,and the definition of pediatric ARDS update by the Second Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference made in 2023(PALICC-2 definition)in neonatal ARDS,then compare the similarities and differences among the three definitions.Finally,the differences in classification standard,triggers,morbidity,mortality,poor prognosis,and treatment among the three definitions for neonatal ARDS were analyzed,and the research directions in the future of the definition for neonatal ARDS were proposed.