甘蓝型油菜高亚麻酸CMS的快速选育方法及效果研究

CMS with High Linolenic Acid Content in Brassica napus L.:Rapid Breeding Method and Effect

为了加速甘蓝型油菜高亚麻酸杂交育种进程。以高亚麻酸油菜种质为试验材料,采用快速选育方法进行油菜高亚麻酸CMS及保持系的选育。结果表明:选育周期从5~6年缩短为4年,亚麻酸含量由11.85%提升至16.96%,含油量由45.0%提升至48.8%,单株亚麻酸产出量由0.98 g提升至1.53 g。与原CMS(陕6A)相比,“YM-1A”的含油量、单株产量、亚麻酸含量、异交结实系数、单株亚麻酸产量分别提高8.45%、4.49%、59.43%、12.8%、80.65%;而自交结实系数降低56.86%。因不育性、农艺、品质等性状显著提高,YM-1A在甘蓝型油菜高亚麻酸杂交育种中具有较高的利用价值。

In order to speed up the cross breeding process of Brassica napus L.with high linolenic acid content,taking the rapeseed germplasm with high linolenic acid content as experimental materials,the CMS and its corresponding maintainer lines of Brassica napus L.with high linolenic acid content were breed by using the rapid breeding method.The results showed that the breeding period was shortened from 5 to 6 years to 4 years,the linolenic acid content was increased from 11.85%to 16.96%,the oil content was increased from 45.0%to 48.8%,and the linolenic acid output per plant was increased from 0.98 g to 1.53 g.Compared with the original CMS(SHAAN6A),the oil content,the yield per plant,the linolenic acid content,the outcrossing seed coefficient and the linolenic acid yield per plant of"YM-1A"were increased by 8.45%,4.49%,59.43%,12.8%and 80.65%,respectively,the coefficient of self-seed setting was decreased by 56.86%.Because the sterility,agronomy,quality and other traits had been significantly improved,YM-1A had the higher utilization value in cross breeding of Brassica napus L.with high linolenic acid content.