浅析消防行政违法行为的构成要件

An Analysis of the Constituent Elements of Fire Administrative Illegal Behavior

作为行政处罚领域的通用规范,行政处罚法为消防法律、法规设定行政处罚和消防救援机构实施行政处罚提供基本遵循。但现行法律法规在处罚法定原则的落实上偏重于法律效果,而对行政违法行为构成要件并未有明确规定,在确定是否构成行政违法认定上,执法人员存在认识上的混乱。消防违法行为的构成要件包括主体要素、主观要素、客体要素以及客观要素。明确的构成要件有助于调查取证的完整性,可以有效增强消防行政处罚的合法性和合理性。

As a general norm in the field of administrative punishment,the Administrative Penalty Law provides basic compliance for the enacting of the administrative penalties by fire laws and regulations as well as the implementation of administrative penalties by fire rescue institutions.However,the existing laws and regulations emphasize the legal effect in the implementation of the principle of statutory punishment while there are no clear provisions on the components of administrative illegal action.Meanwhile,there is confusion in the understanding of law enforcement personnel when determining whether a certain behavior constitutes an administrative violation.The constituent elements of fire administrative illegal behavior include subject elements,subjective elements,object elements and objective elements.Clear constituent elements are helpful to the integrity of investigation and evidence collection,and can effectively enhance the validity and rationality of fire control administrative punishment.