郑州市野生鸟类资源研究

Investigation and Research on Wild Bird Resources in Zhengzhou City

对2014—2019年河南省郑州市鸟类物种多样性、区系分布及生境状况进行调查研究,共记录到鸟类16目52科304种,包括外来鸟类12目16科40种,其中山地鸟类最多,有197种,河道与水田相似性最大(0.71),共有鸟类78种。东洋界鸟类46种(15.13%),古北界鸟类155种(50.99%),广布种103种(33.88%);留鸟90种(29.61%),夏候鸟59种(19.41%),冬候鸟71种(23.36%),旅鸟84种(27.63%);国家一级重点保护鸟类17种,外来种3种,国家二级重点保护鸟种47种,外来种7种,省级重点保护鸟类21种,CITES鸟类列入附录I的物种有7种,外来种8种,极危(CR)级别鸟类3种,濒危(EN)等级鸟类4种,易危(VU)等级鸟类8种,近危等级鸟类4种,中日协定保护鸟类147种,中澳协定保护鸟类40种。结果表明,郑州市鸟类整体表现南北混杂,显示出由古北界向东洋界过渡而以古北界成分占优势的特征。在生境分析中表现出除雀形目鸟类外,水鸟占比很大,在鸟类保护过程中应加大对水体资源的保护。

This study investigated the biodiversity,faunal distribution and habitat of birds in Zhengzhou City,Henan Province from 2014 to 2019.A total of 304 species in 52 families of 16 orders were recorded,including 40 species of exotic birds in 16 families and 12 orders.Among them,mountain birds were the most(197 species),rivers and paddy fields were the most similar(0.71),with 78 species of birds.There were 46 species(15.13%) of Oriental birds,155 species(50.99%) of Palaearctic birds and 103 species(33.88%) of widespread species,and 90 species(29.61%) of resident birds,59 species(19.41%) of summer migratory birds,71 species(23.36%) of winter migratory birds and 84 species(27.63%) of migratory birds.The bird resources had 17 species of national first-level key protected birds,with 3 exotic species,47 species of national second-level key protected birds,with 7 exotic species,and 21 species of provincial key protected birds.7 species of birds and 8 exotic species were listed in Appendix I of CITES.Critically endangered(CR),endangered(EN),vulnerable(VU),and near threatened(NT) levels were 3,4,8 and 4 species,respectively.147 specie were on the list of the China-Japan Agreement on the Protection of Birds,and 40 species were on the list of the China-Australia Agreement on the Protection of Birds.The results showed that the birds in Zhengzhou City were mixed in the north and south as a whole,showing a transition from the Palaearctic realm to the Oriental realm,with the Palaearctic component dominating.In the habitat analysis,water birds accounted for a large proportion of all birds except Passeriformes,indicating that more investment should be made in protecting water resources in the process of bird protection.