白洋淀浮游生物群落结构及关键环境因子分析

Analysis of Plankton Community Structure and Key Environmental Factors for Baiyangdian Lake

浮游生物对环境变化敏感,可作为环境监测的指示生物。2021年9月,采用冗余分析法、相关性分析法对白洋淀浮游生物及关键环境因子进行研究。共鉴定出浮游动物47种,优势种为无节幼体、近邻剑水蚤、萼花臂尾轮虫、螺形龟甲轮虫、针簇多肢轮虫、曲腿龟甲轮虫、长额象鼻溞、卜氏晶囊轮虫;共鉴定出浮游植物143种,优势种为小球藻、梅尼小环藻、席藻和尘埃微囊藻。分析结果表明:浮游动物多样性指数与环境因子之间的相关性不显著;浮游植物多样性指数与总氮含量、pH、化学需氧量、亚硝态氮含量显著相关;pH、化学需氧量是影响浮游动物群落分布的主要环境因子,亚硝态氮含量、pH、总氮含量是影响浮游植物群落分布的主要环境因子。pH、化学需氧量、亚硝态氮含量、总氮含量及浮游生物多样性指数可作为白洋淀水质状况的重要评价指标。

As plankton is sensitive to environmental changes,it is often used as indicator organisms for environmental monitoring.In September 2021,a survey was carried out on plankton and key water environmental factors of Baiyangdian Lake using redundancy analysis and correlation analysis.A total of 47 species of zooplankton were detected in Baiyangdian Lake and the dominant species were nauplius,Cyclops vicinus,Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas,Keratella cochlearis,Polyarthra trigla,Keratella valga,Bosmina longirostris,Asplanchna brightwel.There were 143 species of phytoplankton identified with Chlorella vulgaris,Cyclotella meneghiniana,Phormidium and Microcystis pulverea as the dominant species.Analysis results showed that there was no significant correlation between zooplankton diversity indices and environmental factors,but the correlations were significant between phytoplankton diversity indices and the total nitrogen content,pH value,chemical oxygen demand and nitrite nitrogen content,respectively.The pH value and chemical oxygen demand were the main environmental factors affecting zooplankton community distribution,while the nitrite nitrogen content,pH value and total nitrogen content were the main environmental factors affecting phytoplankton community distribution.The pH value,chemical oxygen demand,nitrite nitrogen content,total nitrogen content and plankton diversity indices can be served as important indicators to evaluate the water quality of Baiyangdian Lake.