“普照的光”与矛盾不平衡性原理的内在一致性探析——基于《1857-1858年经济学手稿》和《矛盾论》文本的考察

An Analysis of the Internal Consistency Between"general light"and the Principle of Contradiction Imbalance——An Investigation Based on the Texts of the Economic Manuscripts of 1857-1858 and on Contradictions

马克思在政治经济学批判中提出的“普照的光”与毛泽东在《矛盾论》中提出的矛盾不平衡性原理在内在逻辑上具有一致性,这体现在二者对主要矛盾原则的运用中。马克思提出了居“普照的光”地位的生产关系决定社会其他一切生产关系和社会结构的分析方法,他虽然没有明确提出主要矛盾原则,但已经将资本及私有制作为决定资产阶级生产关系的主要矛盾进行批判。毛泽东在矛盾不平衡性原理中将对立统一作为唯物辩证法的根本法则,认识到事物发展的不同阶段都存在决定事物发展过程的根本矛盾。作为认识和改造世界的方法论,“普照的光”与矛盾不平衡性原理的内在一致性体现为三个方面:一是对社会内部结构的认识;二是对主次矛盾动态转化过程的分析;三是对批判性革命性的马克思主义辩证法的运用和发展。

The inherent logic of the"general light"proposed by Marx in the critique of political economy is consistent with the inherent logic of the principle of contradiction imbalance proposed by Mao Zedong in On Contradiction,which is reflected in their application of the main contradiction principle.Marx proposed an analytical method that determines all other production relations and social structures in society based on the status of the"general light".Although the main contradiction principle was not clearly stated,the relationship between capital and private ownership has been criticized as the main contradiction determining the bourgeois production relations.Mao Zedong regarded the unity of opposites as the fundamental principle of materialist dialectics in the principle of contradiction imbalance,recognizing that there are fundamental contradictions that determine the process of development at different stages of things.As a methodology for understanding and transforming the world,the inherent consistency between the two methodologies is reflected in three aspects:firstly,the understanding of the internal structure of society;secondly,the analysis of the dynamic transformation process of primary and secondary contradictions;and thirdly,the application and development of critical and revolutionary Marxist dialectics.