“马克思市民社会理论”的实践存在论哲学意蕴

The Practical Ontology Philosophy's Implications of"Marx's Theory of Civil Society"

马克思的市民社会理论与他所实现的存在论哲学革命紧密相关。区别于既往的市民本体论式的市民社会理论,马克思的市民社会理论内含浓厚的实践存在论哲学意蕴。这主要表现在以下两个方面。其一,“市民社会”本身不具有规范性意味,它在根本上表征着现实个人生存于其中的资产阶级社会体系;其二,“马克思市民社会理论”既是一种极具现实批判性的“理论”,也是资产阶级社会体系最终得以实现内在批判的实践需要。从对人的存在的崭新理解出发,马克思消解了市民本体论式政治哲学中“理论”相对于实践的霸权地位,他的“市民社会理论”不仅植根于无产阶级在资本主义市民社会中的实践境况,而且还参与塑形了无产阶级革命的历史进向。

Marx's theory of civil society is closely related to the ontological philosophical revolution he achieved.Different from previous citizen ontology civil society theories,Marx's civil society theory contains a strong philosophical implication of practical ontology.This is mainly manifested in the following two aspects.First,"civil society"itself does not have normative meaning.It fundamentally represents the bourgeois social system in which real individuals live;second,as a kind of"theory"that is extremely realistic and critical,"Marx's theory of civil society"is the practical need for the bourgeois social system to finally realize its internal criticism.Starting from a new understanding of human existence,Marx eliminated the hegemony of"theory(thinking)"over practice in the political philosophy of civil ontology.His"civil society theory"is not only rooted in the proletariat's practical situation in socialist civil society,and also participated in shaping the historical progress of the socialist revolution.