虢国墓地出土麻织品保护修复

Conservation and restoration of hemp fabrics unearthed from the cemetery of Guo State

本研究针对河南三门峡虢国墓地M2009出土的麻织品中的主要文物麻裤、麻褂的保护修复过程进行相对全面而细致的阐述。以保存现状和病害分析为依据,制定以物理方法为主的保护修复方案。采用从清理、清洁(包括消毒以及有针对性的清洁措施等)到平复修整、形制复原、包装与保存等一系列合理的修复程序和操作方法进行操作实施,使这批麻织品得到了很好的保护,为以后进一步研究提供了保障。同时,总结了这次文物修复过程中的经验,如对于结构疏松的麻织物清洗力度的把控度、平整定形中的要点,以及对于文物形制确定的再认识等,为进一步可能实施的保护修复保存了一手资料,也为麻织品文物的研究及保护修复提供了宝贵的参考经验。

This article provides a relatively comprehensive and detailed explanation of the conservation and restoration process of the main cultural relics,such as hemp pants and hemp coats,unearthed at Tomb M2009 of the cemetery of Guo State in Sanmenxia,Henan.Based on the preservation status and disease analysis,a physical method-based conservation and restoration plan was developed,and a series of reasonable restoration procedures and operating methods including clearing,disinfection and targeted cleaning,leveling and trimming,shape restoration,packaging and storage,were implemented to ensure good conservation of this batch of hemp fabrics and thus provide a guarantee for further research in the future.Additionally,we summarize some experience and options considered during this restoration process.These include controlling the cleaning intensity of hemp fabrics with loose structures,key points in leveling and shaping,and re-understanding the shape determination of cultural relics.This work provides first-hand information for further possible conservation and restoration,and also a valuable reference for the research,conservation and restoration of hemp cultural relics.