基于GRACE数据评估黄土高原煤炭开采对地下水储量的影响

Evaluating the Impact of Coal Mining on Groundwater Storage in the Loess Plateau Based on GRACE Data

黄土高原是我国最大的煤炭能源基地,研究煤炭开采与地下水资源消耗之间的关系具有重要意义。首先,基于GRACE/GRACE-FO数据和GLDAS水文模型,反演2006—2020年黄土高原地下水储量变化;其次,结合采煤数据校正GRACE反演结果中因煤炭开采引起的信号干扰;最后,利用ANN模型模拟黄土高原正常水消耗时空变化趋势,并在此基础上分析煤炭开采对地下水储量变化的影响。研究发现:1)扣除煤炭开采干扰后,2006—2020年黄土高原陆地水储量和地下水储量变化趋势分别为-0.53±0.16 cm/year,-0.66±0.08 cm/year;2)估算黄土高原地区,山西省的矿洞排水分别为-0.17±0.03 cm/year,-0.46±0.05 cm/year,表明黄土高原东部的煤炭开采量造成严重地下水流失;3)在空间上,GRACE反演的地下水扣除拟合的正常水消耗后,地下水消耗值严重的区域与采煤区分布一致,表明煤炭开采是黄土高原东部区域地下水储量消耗的主要驱动因素。揭示了煤炭开采对黄土高原水资源的重要影响,可为黄土高原区域的煤炭资源和水资源管理提供指导。

The Loess Plateau is the largest coal energy base in China,and studying the relationship between coal mining and groundwater resource consumption is of great significance.Firstly,based on GRACE/GRACE-FO data and GLDAS hydrological model,the groundwater storage changes in the Loess Plateau from 2006 to 2020 were inverted;Secondly,combining coal mining data to correct signal interference caused by coal mining in GRACE inversion results;Finally,the ANN model was used to simulate the spatiotemporal variation trend of normal water consumption in the Loess Plateau,and based on this,the impact of coal mining on the changes in groundwater reserves was analyzed.The study found that:1)After deducting the interference of coal mining,the changes in land water storage and groundwater storage on the Loess Plateau from 2006 to 2020 were-0.53±0.16 cm/year and-0.66±0.08 cm/year,respectively;2)It is estimated that the mine tunnel drainage in Shanxi province in the Loess Plateau area were-0.17±0.03 cm/year,-0.46±0.05 cm/year,which indicates that the coal mining output in the eastern part of the Loess Plateau has caused serious groundwater loss;3)In terms of space,the area with severe groundwater consumption after deducting the fitted normal water consumption from the groundwater retrieved by GRACE was consistent with the distribution of coal mining areas,indicating that coal mining was the main driving factor for groundwater reserve consumption in the eastern region of the Loess Plateau.This study reveals the important impact of coal mining on water resources in the Loess Plateau,which can provide guidance for coal and water resource management in the Loess Plateau region.