徐炯的保守与固守--以谢无量《徐子休先生家传》为中心

Xu Jiong’s Conservativeness and Stubbornness:Centered on Mr.Xu Zixiu’s Family Biography by Xie Wuliang

四川华阳(今成都市)人徐炯,“早年有令誉,晚岁则反之”。在进入民国以后,徐炯“思想日益倒退,成了四川顽固守旧的堡垒”(唐振常语)。徐炯的守旧与顽固、保守与固守,体现在思想与行为两个层面,并且集中体现在教育领域(政策、学会、学校、学科、修身等)。究其原因,是徐炯在古今、中西、新旧观上出现了问题,即“知古不知今”“知中不知西”“知旧不知新”,不能“会通”(融会贯通)古今、中西、新旧之学,而“建设”(建设新文化)更无从谈起。

Xu Jiong(1862-1936,styled Zixiu),a native of Huayang,Sichuan(now Chengdu),“had a good reputation in his early years,but it was completely different in his late years.During the period of the Republic of China,Xu Jiong increasingly went backward in thoughts and became the fortress of Sichuan’s stubborn conservatism”(cited from Tang Zhenchang’s words).Xu Jiong’s conservativeness,stubbornness and persistence were reflected in thoughts and behaviors,and concentrated in the field of education(policies,societies,schools,disciplines,self-cultivation,etc.).The reason for this was that Xu Jiong encountered problems in his views on the past and the present,China and the West,and the old and the new,namely,he“knew much about the past but little about the present”,“knew much about China but little about the West”,and“knew much about the old but little about the new”.He was unable to integrate the studies on all aspects above,let alone constructing a new culture.