珠江-西江经济带广西段耕地多功能利用及优化策略

Multifunctional Utilization and Optimization Strategy of Cultivated Land in Guangxi Section of Pearl River-Xijiang River Economic Belt

[目的]探析耕地生产、生活、生态功能利用特征并提出优化方案,促进耕地资源多功能利用和协同发展,推动国家耕地利用与保护战略实践。[方法]在明晰耕地多功能利用的内在逻辑后,探讨珠江—西江经济带广西段59个区县耕地多功能的综合评价及其空间格局,最后基于两两功能间的权衡/协同相关性,采用三角坐标图划定耕地功能分区。[结果](1) 2000—2020年经济带广西段耕地各项功能指数随时间演变大致呈“U”型态势,生产功能由0.168降至0.130,整体变化率为生态功能(22.62%)>生活功能(16.94%)>生态功能(15.83%);(2)近20年耕地生产、生活、生态功能总体呈“东部高—西部低”的分布特点,且生产功能高值区的数量占比下降至18.64%,生活功能、生态功能高值区的数量占比升至27.06%,28.24%;(3)基于功能间权衡/协同关系,运用三角坐标图法将研究区耕地多功能利用划分为四大类型,其中“三生”功能协调发展区所占区县数量最多,研究区耕地多功能利用整体表现良好。[结论]基于功能评价及分区基础上提出差异化优化策略,有利于促进区域耕地资源的可持续利用与管理,保障粮食安全和促进农业现代化发展。

[Objective]The aims of this study are to explore the characteristics of cultivated land production,life and ecological function utilization,and propose the optimization schemes which are conducive to promoting the multifunctional utilization and coordinated development of cultivated land resources,and promoting the implementation of national cultivated land utilization and protection strategies.[Methods]After clarifying the internal logic of multifunctional utilization of cultivated land,the comprehensive evaluation and spatial pattern of multi-functional cultivated land in 59 districts and counties in the Guangxi section of the Pearl River-Xijiang River Economic Belt were discussed.Finally,based on the trade-off/synergistic correlation between the two functions,the triangular coordinate diagram was used to layout the functional types of cultivated land.[Results](1)From^(2)000 to 2020,the functional indexes of cultivated land in Guangxi section of the economic belt showed a U-shape with time,and the production function decreased from 0.168 to 0.130.The overall change rate deceased in the order:ecological function(22.62%)>living function(16.94%)>ecological function(15.83%).(2)In the past 20 years,the production,living and ecological functions of cultivated land generally had shown the distribution characteristics of high level in the east and low level in the west,with the proportion of high value areas of production function decreasing to 18.64%,and the proportion of high value areas of living function and ecological function increasing to 27.06%and 28.24%,respectively.(3)Based on the trade-off/synergy relationship between functions,the multifunctional utilization of cultivated land in the study area was divided into four types by using the triangular coordinate diagram method.Among them,the coordinated development area of production-living-ecological function accounted for the largest number of districts and counties,and the multifunctional utilization of cultivated land in the study area performed well as a whole.[Conclusion]The differentiated optimization strategy based on functional evaluation and zoning is conducive to promoting the sustainable utilization and management of regional cultivated land resources,ensuring food security and promoting the development of agricultural modernization.