2020—2023年山东省泰安市豆腐中重金属含量调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Heavy Metal Content in Tofu,Tai’an City,Shandong Province,2020 to 2023

目的:了解山东省泰安市豆腐中重金属含量,为预防控制重金属的急慢性中毒提供科学依据。方法:采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测2020—2023年山东省泰安市480份豆腐中6种元素含量,分析不同元素含量水平和趋势。结果:480份豆腐中均检出了一种或多种元素,但超标率相对较低,为8.54%(41/480)。不同年份、不同采样点之间各元素的超标率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同种类豆腐之间各元素的超标率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),卤水豆腐和石膏豆腐超标率高于酸浆豆腐和内酯豆腐。不同元素的检出率和超标率有明显差别,铅和镉的检出率和超标率高于其他4种元素。结论:2020—2023年泰安市市售豆腐中,卤水豆腐和石膏豆腐中铅和镉的超标率较高。

Objective:To understand the heavy metal content of tofu in Tai’an city,Shandong province,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of acute and chronic heavy metal poisoning.Method:The contents of six elements in 480 tofu samples in Tai’an city,Shandong province from 2020 to 2023 were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,and the levels and trends of different elements were analyzed.Result:One or more elements were detected in all 480 tofu samples,but the exceeding standard rate was relatively low,which was 8.54%(41/480).There was no significant difference in the over-standard rate of each element between different years and different sampling points(P>0.05).The difference in the over-standard rate of each element between different types of tofu was statistically significant(P<0.05).The over-standard rate of brine tofu and gypsum tofu was higher than that of acid slurry tofu and lactone tofu.The detection rate and over-standard rate of different elements were significantly different.The detection rate and over-standard rate of lead and cadmium were higher than those of the other four elements.Conclusion:From 2020 to 2023,the over-standard rates of lead and cadmium in brine tofu and gypsum tofu in Tai’an city,Shandong province were high.