上海市青浦区 2015—2023 年孕妇碘营养状况调查

Analysis on Iodine Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women in Qingpu of Shanghai from 2015 to 2023

目的了解上海市青浦区2015—2023年孕妇碘营养状况,为制定区域内干预策略提供依据。方法每个街镇随机抽取20~30名共计1152名孕妇,采集其家中食用盐样并检测尿样碘含量,结合统计学方法进行分析。结果调查对象的盐碘含量为24.40 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率为61.37%,碘盐合格率为84.67%,碘盐覆盖率为72.48%。近年青浦区的碘盐合格率、碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率均呈现下降趋势(P<0.01)。合格碘盐食用率与碘盐覆盖率之间呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论孕妇群体的碘营养状况整体处于适宜水平,但仍有近半数碘营养水平不足。应加强健康宣教,倡导科学补碘、按需补碘。

Objective To understand the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in Qingpu District of Shanghai from 2015 to 2023,and to provide the evidence for intervention strategies in the region.Methods A total of 20-30 pregnant women,amount of 1152 pregnant women,were randomly selected from each town,and their edible salt samples and urine samples were collected to detect iodine content,and analyzed with statistical methods.Results The salt iodine content of the investigated subjects was 24.40 mg/kg;the edible rate of qualified iodized salt was 61.37%;the qualified rate of iodized salt was 84.67%;and the coverage rate of iodized salt was 72.48%.In recent years,the qualified rate of iodized salt,the coverage rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in Qingpu District showed a downward trend(P<0.01).There was a positive correlation between the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt and the coverage rate of iodized salt(P<0.05).Conclusion The iodine nutritional status of pregnant women is generally at an appropriate level,but nearly half of pregnant women still lack iodine.Health education should be strengthened,and iodine should be supplemented scientifically and as needed.