木霉微生物菌肥的制备及对玉米茎腐病的应用评价

Preparation of Trichoderma Microbia-fertilizer and Evaluation of Its Application to Maize Stalk Rot

以前期分离鉴定的生防菌株非洲哈茨木霉Tr35为研究对象,通过载体的筛选,制备木霉菌剂和木霉微生物菌肥。通过测定不同含量的木霉菌剂和木霉有机肥的株高、根长和鲜重,筛选促生效果明显的处理,并通过室内盆栽试验,评价其对玉米苗期茎腐病的防效。结果显示,玉米秸秆粉具有吸水性强、对Tr35无毒和高释放率的优点,与Tr35共同发酵制备木霉菌剂,当土与菌剂为5∶1时,促生效果明显,并对玉米苗期茎腐病防效达51.77%。菌剂土与腐熟羊粪为7∶1时的木霉有机肥促生效果最好,以该比例制备木霉微生物菌肥,对玉米苗期茎腐病防效达61.31%,该研究结果为Tr35菌剂和菌肥的应用开发提供了一定的前期基础。

In the study,Tichoderma afroharzianum Tr35 obtained in the early stage was selected as the research object.Trichoderma agent and Trichoderma microbial fertilizer were prepared through carrier screening.By measuring the plant height,root length and fresh weight of Trichoderma agent and Trichoderma microbial fertilizer with different contents,the treatments with obvious growth promotion effect were screened,and the control effect of Trichoderma agent and Trichoderma microbial fertilizer on stalk rot of maize seedling was evaluated through indoor pot experiment.The results showed that maize stalk powder had the advantages of strong water absorption,non-toxic to Tr35 and high release rate.and co-fermented with Tr35 to prepare Trichoderma agent,had a significant growth promoting effect when the soil to fertilizer was 5∶1,and achieved 51.77%prevention effect on maize seedling stalk rot.The best growth promotion effect was achieved when the agent soil was 7∶1 with rotted sheep manure,Trichoderma microbial fertilizer was prepared in this proportion and the prevention effect of stalk rot on maize seedling reached 61.31%.The results provided a preliminary basis for the application and development of Tr35 agent and microbial fertilizer.